أثر الاستشراق في تشكّل القوميات العرقية في الأمة مقالة

دراسات استشراقية شتاء 2017 - العدد 10 (‎22 صفحة - من 149 إلی 170 )

خلاصة:

Gratefulness to Allah the Lord of the Worlds (Mankind, Jinn and all what exists), and may prayers and peace be upon the Faithful Prophet, the last Messenger and the last of the Prophets, as well as upon his Kin, the pure and the good, and likewise upon his good reformist companions, and upon those who kindly follow them till Doomsday. After this, it is well known that the phenomenon of orientalism had much interest in a large number of life aspects whether the scientific, the cultural, the intellectual or the political pertaining to the Islamic nation; this is what explains the prolific production of occidentalism and the plentitude of studies and researches conducted by the orientalists regardless their trends and their goals on the Islamic civilization and its glorious history. As orientalism has undeniable advantages, it, also, has disadvantages that can never be hidden from anyone who has the least acquaintance with the phenomenon of orientalism; and the worst drawback seen about orientalism is its being a means to accomplish missionary colonial goals set by the imperialist countries. Those countries used to know as all the nation's enemies did that the power possessed by the Muslims lies in the religious doctrine bondage that collected their dispersion, unified their columns, and put affection among their hearts; for this reason, the colonization did its utmost and treachery to undermine the unity of the nation and to shatter its unity. Orientalism is considered one of the most significant means the foreign colonialist used upon occupying the Arab and the Islamic region(s) in order to accomplish their goals and aspirations ; that is because the policy of occupation and invasion by the force of arms alone was not becoming a wise policy that could enable the colonialist to accomplish those goals apart from reliance on the weapon of knowledge as well. In the forties of the nineteenth century, some voices of theorists in politics and educators rose and invited to rely on knowledge as a means to tear the nation's unity apart and to disperse its gathering, because they could absolutely recognize that the force of weapons alone would not be enough to weaken the nation and to get the best of its power. For example, the French thinker "Thomassy" calls in his book he published in Morocco in 1842 the French to get ready to know the land of the Moroccan Empire as it is unavoidable for the Empire to be invaded someday. Also, the multiplicity of races in the population of the North African countries as the focal point colonization stressed on by the foreign colonialists in order to dominate them completely. The orientalist "Ladreit de Lacharriére" noted that the colonialists fell behind in working out a division among the people of the colonized region that he said, "They never showed any concern aiming at diversifying the racial factors that usually comprise the antagonist population in the hope of searching for cleavage that should be expanded in this population block in order to break it apart." This is exactly what the colonial policy headed for when it focused its concern on the Amazigh (Berber) race, and it tried to make it distinctive from the rest of all other races that form the population map for the occupied countries such as Algeria and Morocco. To clarify the effect of orientalism in the rising of the Amezigh nationality in North Africa, there will be a discussion about this topic in three themes and a conclusion as follows: Theme One: The Historical Account of the Amezigh Rise Issue Theme Two: The Forerunners of the Orientalists in North Africa Theme Three: The Orientalists' Efforts in Theorizing for the Amezigh Nationalism The Conclusion

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