خلاصة:
دﯾﻦ ﻣﺒﯿﻦ اﺳﻼم ارﺿﺎی ﻏﺮﯾﺰه ﺟﻨﺴﯽ را در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻋﻘﺪ ﻧﮑﺎح ﻣﯿﺴﺮ داﻧﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ارﺿﺎی ﻏﺮﯾﺰه ﺟﻨﺴﯽ ﮐﻪ در اﺻﻄﻼح ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻤﮑﯿﻦ ﻧﺎم ﮔﺬاری ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎی ﭘﺎﺳﺦ زن ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﺸﺮوع ﻫﻤﺴﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ دو ﺻﻮرت ﻋﺎم و ﺧﺎص ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺗﻤﮑﯿﻦ ﻋﺎم ﻫﻤﺎن ﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﺷﺮت و اﻃﺎﻋﺖ زوﺟﻪ از زوج در اﻣﻮر ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ زﻧﺎﺷﻮﯾﯽ اﺳﺖ. اﻣﺎ ﻣﺮاد از ﺗﻤﮑﯿﻦ ﺧﺎص، ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﺎ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ در اﯾﻦ ﺧﺼﻮص ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ، درﭘﯽ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﯿﻢ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد اﯾﻨﮑﻪ ﺗﻤﮑﯿﻦ از ﺣﻘﻮق واﺟﺐ ﺷﻮﻫﺮ ﺑﺮ زن اﺳﺖ و در ﺻﻮرت اﺳﺘﻨﮑﺎف زوﺟﻪ، ﻧﺎﺷﺰه ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻣﯽﺷﻮد و ﻧﻔﻘﻪ او ﺳﺎﻗﻂ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد آﯾﺎ ﻣﻮاردی وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد اﺳﺘﻨﮑﺎف زوﺟﻪ از ﺗﻤﮑﯿﻦ، ﻧﻔﻘﻪ او ﺳﺎﻗﻂ ﻧﺸﻮد ﯾﺎ ﺧﯿﺮ؟ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﺬاﻫﺐ ﺷﯿﻌﻪ و اﻫﻞ ﺗﺴﻨﻦ در اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮرد ﭼﯿﺴﺖ؟ و آﯾﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﻘﻬﺎ اﺧﺘﻼﻓﯽ وﺟﻮد دارد؟ در راﺳﺘﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶﻫﺎی ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ و ﮐﺘﺐ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺣﻘﻮﻗﯽ و ﻓﻘﻬﯽ در ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﺳﺆال ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮاردی وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺳﻘﻮط ﻧﻔﻘﻪ زوﺟﻪ ﻧﻤﯽﺷﻮد و زوﺟﻪ ﻧﺎﺷﺰه ﻣﺤﺴﻮب ﻧﻤﯽﺷﻮد از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮارد ﻏﯿﺮﻣﺎﻟﯽ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎری ﺷﻮﻫﺮ، ﺑﯿﻤﺎری زن ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ ﻋﯿﻮب در اﻧﺪام ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻠﯽ، ﺣﯿﺾ و ﻧﻔﺎس و ... و از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺎﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺿﺮورت ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎش ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮط ﺑﻮدن زوﺟﻪ ﻧﺰد زوج و ﺣﻖ ﺣﺒﺲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮط اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﯾﻦ ﺣﻖ ﭘﯿﺶ از ﺗﻤﮑﯿﻦ اﺷﺎره ﻧﻤﻮد. اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺷﺎﯾﺎن ذﮐﺮ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺰد ﻓﻘﻬﺎی ﺷﯿﻌﻪ و اﻫﻞ ﺗﺴﻨﻦ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻧﻈﺮﻫﺎﯾﯽ در اﯾﻦ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ وﺟﻮد دارد و ﻣﻮاردی ﻫﻢ وﺟﻮد دارد ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ اﺗﻔﺎق ﻧﻈﺮ آﻧﺎن ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
The religion of Islam has considered the satisfaction of sexual instinct in the form of marriage possible. Satisfaction of sexual instinct, which is called obedience in legal terms, means a woman's response to the legitimate request of her husband, which is a general and specific response. General is the good companionship and obedience of the wife to the husband in matters related to marriage. But the meaning of special obedience, which is the subject of our discussion in this regard, we seek that despite the obedience of the husband's obligatory rights over the wife If the wife refuses, her alimony will be revoked. Are there any cases in which the alimony of the wife will not be revoked despite her refusal to obey or not? What is the opinion of the Shiite and Sunni religions in this regard? And is there a difference between the jurists? In line with research conducted by studying various legal and jurisprudential sources and books in response to this question, it can be said that there are cases that do not cause the wife's alimony to fall and the wife is not considered illegitimate, including non-financial cases can be due to the husband's illness. The woman's illness due to defects in the genitals, menstruation and puerperium, etc. , and among financial cases, the need to provide a living on the condition that the wife is with the husband and the right to imprisonment provided the use of this right before obedience. Of course, it is worth mentioning There are differences of opinion among Shiite and Sunni jurists in this regard, and there are cases that have led to their unanimity.