the process of distribution of financial competences in Iraq after the adoption
central union system (federal ) is very important process politically and
economically , as the financial recourses is one of the necessary requirements for
the work and success of the federal and local authorities (regional) whether the
level of regions or governorates not organized in the territory , it also includes a
wide range of fields and different financial and economic variables starting from
determine ownership wealth , natural resources and its revenues , and the way of
distribution between the federal governmental , regions' governments , and
governorates that are not organized in a region passing through the financial and
monetary policy of these governments till the preparation of the general federal
budget , taxes policy and financial and economic relations between the federal
government (central ) and countries of the world.
the Iraqi constitution for the year 2005 in force has taken the principle of
determine the competences of federal authorities for the exclusive , this means the
disability of these authorities to practice any specialize is granted of the
constitution, when we study the article (110) of constitution , we find that the
authorities and competences that granted exclusively to the federal powers is few
comparing to the competence which is already given to the regions and
governorates that non-organized in the region , even in the theoretical level. it is
possible to determine the exclusive financial competences for the federal power to
draw the financial policy , customs and monetary which is a part of economical
policy that the last one is considered as a part of general policy of the state.
so we will divide this research in to five demands , we will take in the first
competence of federal power to draw the financial policy , the second competence
is the negotiation in respect of debt and signed policies , third competence in
drawing of monetary policy , fourth competence in drawing customs policy , and
finally the fifth demand we will discuss the competence of federal power in
drawing the commercial policy.