چکیده:
جرم شناسی فرهنگی به بررسی راههای مختلفی می پردازد که در آن پویایی فرهنگی با اعمال مجرمانه و کنترل جرم در جامعه کنونی درآمیخته است. به دیگر سخن، جرمشناسی فرهنگی بر محوریت معنا و بازنمایی در تفسیر جرم بعنوان رویدادی گذرا، تلاش خرده فرهنگها و نیز پدیده ای اجتماعی، تاکید می کند. رویکرد این شاخه از جرمشناسی نسبت به جنسیت و نژاد متفاوت از سایر رشته های جرمشناسی است و نگاهی انتقادی نسبت به تعریف جرم، جرمشناسی غالب و کلاسیک و نیز تعریف قربانی و... دارد. جرمشناسی فرهنگی موضوعاتی که توسط جرمشناسی غالب نادیده گرفته می شود با جزئیات بیشتری بررسی می کند. خلأ تحقیقاتی در زمینه مطالعات فرهنگی زنان و نیز عدم تمایل و اراده کافی در پرداختن به مسائل مربوط به جنسیت و نژاد در جرمشناسی کلاسیک، جرمشناسی فرهنگی را به یک علم حائز اهمیت مترقی تبدیل نموده است. مقاله حاضر در پی واکاوی روش و نحوه تأثیر این رویکرد در تحقق یا عدم تحقق آرمانهای جرمشناسی در رابطه با دو مقوله مهم علوم نوین بشری یعنی نژاد و جنسیت به روش تحلیلی – توصیفی می باشد و در این خصوص به نظر می رسد جرمشناسی فرهنگی بعنوان علمی کارآمد و مؤثر عمل کرده و باید بیشتر مورد توجه جامعه حقوقی، جامعه شناسان و سیاستگذاران جنایی قرار گیرد.
Cultural criminology explores the many ways in which cultural dynamics intertwine with the practices of crime and crime control in contemporary society; in other words, cultural criminology emphasizes the centrality of meaning and representation in the construction of crime as momentary event, subcultural endeavor, and social issue. The approach of this branch of criminology to gender and race is different from the approaches of other criminology disciplines i.e. it has a critical and distinct view about the crime definition, victim definition and the dominant orthodox criminology, etc. cultural criminology considers the issues that are overlooked by the more conventional and dominant criminology. The research vacuum in the field of cultural studies of women, as well as lack of enough interest and willingness to address race and gender-related issues in classical criminology, has made cultural criminology a progressive important issue. The purpose of the present article is to analyze the method and the effect of this approach on realization or non-realization of the ideals of criminology in relation to the two main topics in the human new sciences; that is, race and gender by using descriptive – analytic method. In this regard, it seems that cultural criminology has acted as an efficient and effective science; therefore, the legal community, sociologists and policymakers should consider it more thoroughly Cultural criminology explores the many ways in which cultural dynamics intertwine with the practices of crime and crime control in contemporary society; in other words, cultural criminology emphasizes the centrality of meaning and representation in the construction of crime as momentary event, subcultural endeavor, and social issue. The approach of this branch of criminology to gender and race is different from the approaches of other criminology disciplines i.e. it has a critical and distinct view about the crime definition, victim definition and the dominant orthodox criminology, etc. cultural criminology considers the issues that are overlooked by the more conventional and dominant criminology. The research vacuum in the field of cultural studies of women, as well as lack of enough interest and willingness to address race and gender-related issues in classical criminology, has made cultural criminology a progressive important issue. The purpose of the present article is to analyze the method and the effect of this approach on realization or non-realization of the ideals of criminology in relation to the two main topics in the human new sciences; that is, race and gender by using descriptive – analytic method. In this regard, it seems that cultural criminology has acted as an efficient and effective science; therefore, the legal community, sociologists and policymakers should consider it more thoroughly Cultural criminology explores the many ways in which cultural dynamics intertwine with the practices of crime and crime control in contemporary society; in other words, cultural criminology emphasizes the centrality of meaning and representation in the construction of crime as momentary event, subcultural endeavor, and social issue. The approach of this branch of criminology to gender and race is different from the approaches of other criminology disciplines i.e. it has a critical and distinct view about the crime definition, victim definition and the dominant orthodox criminology, etc. cultural criminology considers the issues that are overlooked by the more conventional and dominant criminology. The research vacuum in the field of cultural studies of women, as well as lack of enough interest and willingness to address race and gender-related issues in classical criminology, has made cultural criminology a progressive important issue. The purpose of the present article is to analyze the method and the effect of this approach on realization or non-realization of the ideals of criminology in relation to the two main topics in the human new sciences; that is, race and gender by using descriptive – analytic method. In this regard, it seems that cultural criminology has acted as an efficient and effective science; therefore, the legal community, sociologists and policymakers should consider it more thoroughly Cultural criminology explores the many ways in which cultural dynamics intertwine with the practices of crime and crime control in contemporary society; in other words, cultural criminology emphasizes the centrality of meaning and representation in the construction of crime as momentary event, subcultural endeavor, and social issue. The approach of this branch of criminology to gender and race is different from the approaches of other criminology disciplines i.e. it has a critical and distinct view about the crime definition, victim definition and the dominant orthodox criminology, etc. cultural criminology considers the issues that are overlooked by the more conventional and dominant criminology. The research vacuum in the field of cultural studies of women, as well as lack of enough interest and willingness to address race and gender-related issues in classical criminology, has made cultural criminology a progressive important issue. The purpose of the present article is to analyze the method and the effect of this approach on realization or non-realization of the ideals of criminology in relation to the two main topics in the human new sciences; that is, race and gender by using descriptive – analytic method. In this regard, it seems that cultural criminology has acted as an efficient and effective science; therefore, the legal community, sociologists and policymakers should consider it more thoroughly Cultural criminology explores the many ways in which cultural dynamics intertwine with the practices of crime and crime control in contemporary society; in other words, cultural criminology emphasizes the centrality of meaning and representation in the construction of crime as momentary event, subcultural endeavor, and social issue. The approach of this branch of criminology to gender and race is different from the approaches of other criminology disciplines i.e. it has a critical and distinct view about the crime definition, victim definition and the dominant orthodox criminology, etc. cultural criminology considers the issues that are overlooked by the more conventional and dominant criminology. The research vacuum in the field of cultural studies of women, as well as lack of enough interest and willingness to address race and gender-related issues in classical criminology, has made cultural criminology a progressive important issue. The purpose of the present article is to analyze the method and the effect of this approach on realization or non-realization of the ideals of criminology in relation to the two main topics in the human new sciences; that is, race and gender by using descriptive – analytic method. In this regard, it seems that cultural criminology has acted as an efficient and effective science; therefore, the legal community, sociologists and policymakers should consider it more thoroughly
خلاصه ماشینی:
مقاله حاضر در پي واکاوي روش و نحوه تأثير اين رويکرد در تحقق يا عدم تحقق آرمان هاي جرم شناسي در رابطه با دو مقوله مهم علوم نوين بشري يعني نژاد و جنسيت به روش تحليلي – توصيفي مي باشد و در اين خصوص به نظر مي رسد جرم شناسي فرهنگي به عنوان علمي کارآمد و مؤثر عمل کرده و بايد بيشتر مورد توجه جامعه حقوقي ، جامعه شناسان و سياست گذاران جنايي قرار گيرد.
تلاشي احتمالي براي اصلاح اين احساس انکار، جايگزيني يا معکوس نمودن ارزش هاي دست نيافته اي است چرخش عمومي به سمت فرهنگ و اشاعه ي مطالعات فرهنگي cultural turn .
يک عنصر بسيار مهم در چارچوب نظريه برچسب زني اضافه شدن برهان توماس است : به گفته وي «اگر مردان [و زنان ] شرايط خود را واقعي توصيف کنند در نتيجه گيريهاي خود نيز واقع بين خواهند بود»؛ بنابراين اگرچه تعاريف جرم و انحراف سازه هايي اجتماعي و ذاتا سليقه اي هستند، اما معاني ايجاد شده از طريق اين کار فرهنگي نتايج بسيار واقعي و عيني دارند.
افزون بر اين در جرم شناسي فرهنگي بررسي پويايي خرده فرهنگ هاي منحرف و اهميت نماد و سبک در ساخت معنا و شکل دهي هويت از «مطالعات فرهنگي» گرفته شده است .
جرم شناسي فرهنگي تا اندازه اي اين رويکرد به خرده فرهنگ هاي غيرقانوني را به عنوان مجموعه اي از معنا و ادراکات مشترک که با ضوابط نمادين استادانه و تلاش جنايي حساب شده به هم پيوند خورده اند را پذيرفته است .