مقایسه بهزیستی مذهبی-معنوی، شخصیت تاریک و اضطراب والدگری در مادران با و بدون فرزند مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-اجباری مقاله

مقدمه: پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه‌ی بهزیستی مذهبی-معنوی، شخصیت تاریک و اضطراب والدگری در مادران با و بدون فرزند مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-اجباری انجام شده است. روش: طرح پژوهش علّی-مقایسه‌ای و جامعه‌ی آماری شامل مادران با و بدون فرزند مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-اجباری که فرزندان در گروه سنی 7 تا 16 سال شهر اصفهان در سال 1399 بود. نمونه‌ای به تعداد 100 نفر (50 نفر مادران دارای فرزند مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-اجباری و 50 نفر مادران بدون فرزند مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-جبری) به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات شامل پرسشنامه‌های وسواس مادزلی (1977) (برای انتخاب گروه نمونه)، جهت‌گیری مذهبی-معنوی آلپورت (1968)، پرسشنامه شخصیت تاریک جوناسون و وبستر (2010) و پرسشنامه سنجش استرس والدگری آبیدین (1990) بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از SPSS-24 و آزمون تی مستقل تحلیل شدند. نتایج: نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که در متغیرهای بهزیستی مذهبی-معنوی و شخصیت تاریک و مؤلفه‌های آن‌ها، مادران بدون فرزند مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-جبری به‌صورت معناداری نمرات بالاتری نسبت به مادران دارای فرزندان با اختلال وسواسی-اجباری کسب کرده‌اند. در نتیجه‌ی دیگری می‌توان این‌طور بیان کرد که در اضطراب والدگری و مؤلفه‌های آن، مادران دارای فرزندان با اختلال وسواسی-اجباری به‌صورت معناداری نمرات بالاتری نسبت به مادران بدون فرزند مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-جبری کسب کرده‌اند. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این پژوهش در تبیین مکانیسم‌های روان‌شناختی والدین دارای فرزند مبتلا به اختلال وسواسی-اجباری مؤثر بوده و می‌تواند به درمانگران و پژوهشگران کمک کند.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: The research design was causal-comparative, and the statistical population included all mothers with and without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder whose children were in the age group of 7 to 16 years in Isfahan city in 2020. A sample of 100 people (50 mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 50 mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder) was selected through a targeted and accessible sampling method. Data collection tools included the Maudsley's obsessive-compulsive disorder questionnaire (1977) (for sample group selection), Allport's religious-spiritual orientation (1968), Jonason & Webster's dark personality (Dark Triad) questionnaire (2010), and Abidin's parenting stress questionnaire (1990). Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 and an independent t-test. Results: The results of this study indicate that in the variables of religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and their components, mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder have significantly higher scores than mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In another result, it can be stated that in parenting anxiety and its components, mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder scored significantly higher than mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Conclusion: The results of this study are effective in explaining the psychological mechanisms of parents with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and can help therapists and researchers. IntroductionFamily is one of the most important building blocks of society, which is known as the creator and foundation of a child's personality and future behavior. Family, as a foundation of human communities, plays a very vital role in the formation of identity and the personal and social development of people. This group of people who are connected with each other through emotional connections and mutual relationships, generally has strong effects on the growth and development of humans and also creates a suitable environment for the promotion of spiritual and cultural values. The family as a social unit plays a very important role in the formation of identity and the personal and social development of people. This vital role of the family is significant in several aspects, including the formation of family identity, social development, spiritual and cultural values, and educational support. The family is the child's first communication environment that helps the child's identity grow and develop. Emotional connections and close relationships in the family provide a space where a person can get to know himself and express his feelings and values. Also, the family, as the child's first small community, teaches him basic social skills and values. In the family, a person gets to know the rules, social expectations and different roles, and this makes him able to communicate with others and cooperate in society, and at the same time, it is an environment that transmits spiritual and cultural values and beliefs. The actions and performance of the family and the integrity of dealing with challenges and everyday issues can be a model for a person and strengthen values such as respect, ethics and justice in him. As the main environment for education, the family is the basis for learning and developing new skills. In the family, a person acquires language, social and emotional skills through communication with other family members and improves by using them in other environments. In general, the family, as a supportive and strengthening environment of communication and values, plays a very important role in the formation of identity and the personal and social development of people. Children's mental health is very important in any society. Children with behavioral and mental disorders not only have problems with themselves but also with society and their families, especially their main caregiver (mother). The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing religious-spiritual well-being, dark personality and parenting anxiety in mothers with and without children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder.MethodologyThe research design was causal-comparative, and the statistical population included mothers with and without children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder whose children were in the age group of 7 to 16 years in Isfahan city in 2020. A sample of 100 people (50 mothers with children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder and 50 mothers of children without obsessive-compulsive disorder) was selected by a targeted and accessible sampling method. Data collection tools included Maudsley's obsession questionnaires (1977) (for selecting the sample group), Allport's religious-spiritual orientation (1968), Jonason and Webster's dark personality questionnaire (2010), and Abidin's parenting stress questionnaire (1990). Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 and an independent t-test.Results and DiscussionThe results of this research indicated that in the variables of religious-spiritual well-being and dark personality and their components, mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder scored significantly higher than mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. In another result, it can be stated that in parenting anxiety and its components, mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder scored significantly higher than mothers without children with obsessive-compulsive disorder.ConclusionThe results of this research are effective in explaining the psychological mechanisms of parents with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and can help therapists and researchers.LimitationsThis research had some limitations. Considering that the data collection tools in this research were limited to interviews and questionnaires and other methods were not used, therefore, they have problems such as the inaccuracy of respondents and conservatism in providing answers. In this research, the total score of obsession is considered and the types of obsession are not separated. Also, the sample size used in this research is limited, it is suggested to use more samples in future researches.SuggestionsAccording to the results of this research, it is suggested that the research be conducted from a spatial point of view at a wider level and scope and the results be compared. Choosing a sample from a larger statistical population in future researches can help generalize the findings. It is suggested to control the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder and the socio-economic base of the family in future studies. Based on the findings of this research, it is possible to suggest teaching the components of spiritual understanding as a method to improve the mental health of mothers with children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is suggested to correct the perceptions and reactions of mothers with positive parenting training and counseling to change their attitudes, beliefs and thoughts towards their child with obsessive-compulsive disorder, and as a result, create a more favorable relationship between mother and child, and with parent training programs, by providing appropriate information about the child and how to treat him, it is possible to improve the parents' adaptation mechanisms and finally reduce the anxiety of mothers' parenting. Also, involving fathers in the parenting process can help reduce mothers' anxiety, especially mothers who have children with obsessive-compulsive disorder.FundingThe current research was taken from the Master's thesis of the first author "Soheila Sheikh Bahai" and without financial support.Ethics Approval and Consent to ParticipateThe cooperation of the participants was voluntary and their consent was declared. 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