خلاصة:
Iran has experienced significant changes in the distribution of employed population of ruralareas in major professional categories in the years 1956 to 2006. Accordingly, it is important to studythe changes in occupational structure, factors influencing these changes, and their implications. Themethodology of this study is documentary and secondary analysis. Moreover, in order to explain whythe changes were made, the development plans before and after the Islamic Revolution wereexamined. Findings indicate that the number of workers in agricultural sector during the years 1956,1966, 1976, 1986, 1996 and 2006 was 74.3, 61.7, 58.9, 57.7, 49.75, and 43.94 percent, respectively.According to the statistics, there has been a gradual reduction of the number of workers in theagricultural sector. Results also show that the average age of workers in the agricultural sectorduring the years 1966, 1976, 1986, 1996 and 2006 was 34.3, 37.6, 40.4, 40.5, and 40 years,respectively. The results of documentary studies suggests that oil price upward spiraling followed bythe reduction of government’s dependence on agriculture, implementation of the Land Reform Planregardless of the social and cultural structure of the rural population on one hand, and, on the otherhand, the tendency of the governments before and after the Revolution towards mechanizedagriculture without the necessary scientific and practical background have been major factors in theirrational reduction of workers in the agricultural sector. Among the most important social andeconomic consequences of this situation are the aging of workforce employed in agriculture, thedecline of agricultural development, the growth of false occupations, and the development of oileconomy.
ملخص الجهاز:
in Sociology of Rural Development, Faculty Member of National Population Studies and Comprehensive Management Institute Received 9 July 2015 Revised 23 August 2015 Accepted 24 September 2015 Iran has experienced significant changes in the distribution of employed population of rural areas in major professional categories in the years 1956 to 2006.
The results of documentary studies suggests that oil price upward spiraling followed by the reduction of government’s dependence on agriculture, implementation of the Land Reform Plan regardless of the social and cultural structure of the rural population on one hand, and, on the other hand, the tendency of the governments before and after the Revolution towards mechanized agriculture without the necessary scientific and practical background have been major factors in the irrational reduction of workers in the agricultural sector.
Iranian rural population, Development programs, occupational structure, agricultural Introduction Agriculture is of vital importance to all countries, especially the developing countries, and paying no attention to changes in this sector will cause severe damages to society.
2. An analysis of social and economic factors influencing the changes in the distribution of the working population of rural areas of Iran in the major groups of activity, with an emphasis on agricultural sector, in the same period.
Research Findings Table (1): The distribution of active population in terms of the state of activity in different rural and urban areas in the 1956 census (percent) Source: Statistical Center of Iran, http://www.