خلاصة:
The European Union has aspired to create an “ever closer union” among its people since the articulation of the European Union citizenship has been an important instrument towards it. However, attempts at creating this “ever closer union” have focused on homogenizing European citizens as a single entity without taking into account the heterogeneous differentials among such citizens. Gender differential is one such important aspect. The present paper analyzes the citizenship under EU from a feminist perspective. It attempts to conceptualize the term of citizenship and delineates the basic features of the European citizenship. Thereafter, the major feminist criticisms of the notion of citizenship are examined with specific regards to the gendered discrimination against EU citizens.
ملخص الجهاز:
"According to Soysal, the Treaty of Maastricht thus foresees a International Journal of Women’s Research Vol. 3 , No. 2 , Autumn & Winter 2014-15 multilevel citizenship structure that guarantees rights independently of membership in a particular state.
4) remarks: "Women are brought into the new social order as inhabitants of a private sphere that is part of the civil society and yet is separated from the public world of freedom, equality, rights, contracts, interests, and citizenship.
International Journal of Women’s Research Vol. 3 , No. 2 , Autumn & Winter 2014-15 The key idea here is that citizenship must be conceived of as a continuous activity and a good in itself, not as a momentary engagement (or a socialist revolution) with an eye to a final goal or a societal arrangement… Perhaps it is best to say that this is a vision fixed not on an end but rather inspired by a principle-freedom-and by a political activity-positive liberty.
They point out that the economic rights granted to European Citizens are constructed around the notion of a socio- political model that emphasizes paid work as the rationale for social benefits and neglect unpaid work normally undertaken by women (Finch & Mason, 1990).
The unequal recognition granted by EU to predominantly feminized Analyzing the European Union citizenship … non-economic caring function over the masculine paid work results in gendered inequality in exercising the social citizenship rights (Lombardo & Verloo, 2009, p."