خلاصة:
This study aims at ascertaining a framework that would account for the Persian data.
We scrutinize all data occurring in the selected corpus, and describe how they usually
work on the basis of the two following variables: power and intimacy. According to
our investigation, the use of terms of address in Persian is affected by age, sex,
occupation, ideology, political and social position of the interlocutors. These variables
can be stated as a result of the investigation of older material – such as qualitative
analysis of observations followed by unobtrusive note taking of contemporary use, a
corpus of several plays, travel accounts, interviews, TV, radio and careful observation
terms used to address today. The above-mentioned variables indicate a strong
relationship between social structures and address terms in Persian.
مقاله حاضر سعی بر ارائه شکل¬گیری چارچوبی در قالب تحلیل گفتمان برای داده¬های عناوین خطابی در زبان فارسی دارد. در این مطالعه تمامی داده¬هایی که در یک پیکره زبانی به دست آمده¬اند را انتخاب و توصیف کرده¬ایم تا دریابیم که چگونه ساختار اجتماعی فارسی¬زبانان تحت عنوان دو مقوله روابط قدرت و همبستگی عمل می¬کند. براساس بررسی¬های به عمل آمده عناوین خطابی درجامعه فارسی¬زبانان متأثر از سن، جنس، شغل، جهان¬بینی و موقعیت¬های سیاسی و اجتماعی سخنوران است. این متغیرها ناشی از نتایج به دست آمده از اسناد قدیمی، یادداشت¬های روزمره، پیکره زبانی حاصل از چند فیلم¬نامه و نمایش¬نامه، سفرنامه، مصاحبه، رادیو و تلویزیون و کاربرد روزمره عناوین خطابی می¬باشد. متغیرهای مذکور ارتباط بسیار قوی¬ای را بین ساختار اجتماعی فارسی¬زبانان نشان می¬دهد.
ملخص الجهاز:
"According to our investigation, the use of terms of address in Persian is affected by age, sex, occupation, ideology, political and social position of the interlocutors.
1. "For CDA (critical discourse analysis), language is not powerful on its own - it gains power by the use powerful people make of it" (Wodak, 2001: 10) Since, we are going to investigate terms of address critically, our study should not be restricted to the description of these linguistic forms, rather we should take into account the purpose and functions these forms serve in society.
Since the study of discourse is the study of any aspect of language use (Fasold, 1990: 68) and address terms are specific instances of language use and the aim of CDA is to critically investigate social inequality as it is expressed and constituted by language use (or in discourse) (Wodak, 2001: 2), we must find assumptions that legitimize power relations between people.
1 : Kinship terms in Persian (رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) Note: There are corpuses of hundreds of address terms for both periods and due to the governmental and political situation of pre- Islamic Revolution there are many copied terms and words from different languages into Persian which gathered from different sources (Beyzâyi 1999; Bloushour, 1949; Dehxodâ 1955; Dowlat Âbâdi 2000; Moin 1971)."