خلاصة:
The author in this research has tried to link the Alexander pattern language theory, which is based on human oriented and spatial factors, to landscape design, which could come to a cyclic model of “A Pattern Language for Landscape Design” in Iranian schools of architecture. So, a landscape design process based on the value of Human-Oriented approach, which is extracted from other values, and the theoretical crisis in this area is discussed in this paper. The author has called this the “Socio-Cultural” approach. Many researchers such as Alexander (1977), Hillier & Hanson (1984), Norberg- Schulz (1984), Rapoport (1998) and Fathy (2000) have debated on the position and the value of human (Socio-Cultural approach) during design activity and thinking. The purpose of this research is to achieve an academic design process for “Landscape Design” in Iran, based on Pattern Language theory. In fact, achieving such a design model seemed impossible, if no relationship was found between the mentioned theory and Landscape Design. In the end, using a comparative study, some models were achieved. The research method is a survey implemented to collect data from 129 master students of landscape architecture, studying at various schools of architecture in Tehran. The sampling method was based on the stratified random sampling. A 49-itemed questionnaire was used to collect data, where the reliability of all subscales was more than 0.80, estimated from Cronbach alpha test. Hierarchical Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to analyze data by the LISREL 8.72 software. Results of the analysis statistically confirmed the model of “A Pattern Language for Landscape Design”.
ملخص الجهاز:
1*</H2> 1Assistant Professor of Landscape Architecture, Department of Environmental Design Engineering, Graduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran Received 1 October 2011; Revised 26 January 2012; Accepted 14 June 2012 The author in this research has tried to link the Alexander pattern language theory, which is based on human oriented and spatial factors, to landscape design, which could come to a cyclic model of &quot;A Pattern Language for Landscape Design&quot; in Iranian schools of architecture.
Many researchers such as Alexander (1977), Hillier &amp; Hanson (1984), Norberg- Schulz (1984), Rapoport (1998) and Fathy (2000) have debated on the position and the value of human (Socio-Cultural approach) during design activity and thinking.
So, the hypothesis of this research will be: If the spatial features are important factors in landscape design, developing and using the pattern language based on socio-cultural dimensions can be achieved in the space-oriented and people-friendly landscape design process, as a practical mode in Iranian architecture schools.
Among the most important values, there is the relationship between humans and the landscape - what some experts have presented in various forms (Thompson, 1998; Swaffield, 2002; Midgley, 1995; Stephenson, 2008; Bell, 1999) and what the author calls the socio-cultural approach.
The author believes that, according to Seamon experiment and similar to that, it is possible to have an experimental and comparative work in Iran to show the impacts of a socio-cultural approach on landscape designers (especially students) based on pattern language theory in the above-mentioned country.