خلاصة:
During the past several decades, neighborhoods have experienced gentrification phenomenon in a number of cities. Gentrification, the process of neighborhood change that results in the replacement of lower income residents with higher income ones, has altered the character of hundreds of urban neighborhoods in many North American and European cities. In this paper we state how does gentrification take place? Then we look at the causes and consequences of gentrification by reviewing the theories used to explain it and assessing their applicability to Behjatabad neighborhood. The method of research in this paper is based on documental research, observation and deep interview with new and old inhabitants in Behjatabad neighborhood. The results of this research show that gentrification cause displacement of original residents and change in the social and economic character of neighborhood.
ملخص الجهاز:
Gentrification, the process of neighborhood change that results in the replacement of lower income residents with higher income ones, has altered the character of hundreds of urban neighborhoods in many North American and European cities.
Gentrification, Urban Revitalization, Inner-City Neighborhoods, Behjatabad <H2>INTRODUCTION</H2> Parallel to the ongoing residential transformation processes, urban renewal has become an important issue in the transformation of urban areas.
For example, some observers describe gentrification as the rehabilitation of working-class or derelict housing into housing for middle-class residents, or as the process of higher-income households moving into neighborhoods suffering from systematic outmigration, disinvestment, or neglect (Atkinson, 2002; Wyly &amp; Hammel, 1999).
Some observers argue that displacement is not a necessary outcome of gentrification in condition that original residents cannot afford to move elsewhere or are attached to the neighborhood, or if higher-income households are capable of occupying vacant properties or move into newly constructed developments (Vigdor, 2002).
<H3>Characteristics of Gentrification</H3> The phenomenon has been seen primarily as an inner city process in which two key elements are generally considered: &quot;First, the class-based colonization of cheap residential neighborhoods and, secondly, a reinvestment in the physical housing stock&quot; (Atkinson, 2003, P.
Parallel to the general changes mentioned above and in close association with social polarization, residential transformation took place in the abandoned and dilapidated old inner-city neighborhoods s through urban renewal and upgrading processes.
So gentrification cause displacement of original residents and changed the social and economic character of Bahjatabad neighborhood.