خلاصة:
توسعه شهرهای کوچک همواره بهعنوان یکی از سیاستهای عمده در امر برنامهریزی کشورهای درحالتوسعه بوده است. تحلیل شاخصهای پایداری محلات شهری برای برنامهریزان شهری امری مهم تلقی میگردد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر سنجش و تحلیل سطح پایداری کالبدی، اقتصادی، زیستی، اجتماعی و امنیتی محلات شهری میباشد. پژوهش حاضر ازنظر هدف، کاربردی بوده و روش بررسی آن توصیفی تحلیلی میباشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیهی افراد ساکن در شهر رودیان، در سال 1395 بود که از بین آنها 359 نفر از افراد بهصورت نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب گردیدند حجم نمونه بر اساس روش نمونهگیری کوکران صورت گرفت که برای هر محله 35 پرسشنامه مشخص گردید. برای تکمیل پرسشنامه از روش نمونهگیری احتمالی طبقهبندیشده استفاده شد. برای جمعآوری دادهها در این تحقیق با استناد به کتابها و مقالات علمی، شاخصهای پایداری مؤثر بر جوامع محلی استخراج گردید، سپس نظرات مردم از طریق پرسشنامه به دست آمد و مورداستفاده قرار گرفت. در این پژوهش 359 پرسشنامه بهصورت تصادفی طبقهبندیشده میان خانوار ساکن در شهر رودیان توزیع گردید، و بر اساس نظرات مردمی تحلیل بر دادهها انجام گرفت در ادامه بهمنظور تجزیهوتحلیل دادههای حاصل از عملیات میدانی از آزمون آماری t تک نمونهای برای سنجش وضعیت پایداری، از تحلیل واریانس برای مقایسه گویهها در قالب نرمافزار SPSS و از مدلهای تصمیمگیری ترکیبیWASPAS جهت رتبهبندی استفادهشده است. با توجه به یافتههای پژوهش ازلحاظ پایداری محلات درمجموع محلهی سر قنات نسبت به سایر محلهها در بهترین وضعیت قرار دارد. پسازآن محله ده بالا قرار دارد. محلههای ساغر کرمی و محله ده پایین در رتبههای بعدی ازنظر پایداری محلی قرارگرفتهاند. نتیجه اینکه در کل شهر رودیان ازلحاظ سطح پایداری محلی در حد نسبتاً پایینی قرار دارد و علاوه بر این نابرابری نسبی در سطح پایداری محلهای در شهر رودیان مشاهده میشود.
The development of small towns has always been one of the major policies in the planning of developing countries. Analyzing the sustainability indicators of urban neighborhoods is considered important for urban planners. Neighborhood is one of the important pillars of the urban body and the balance of social life in cities depends on maintaining the neighborhood. In the twentieth century, the idea of a residential neighborhood has been based on new theories, and this style has been welcomed to solve various urban problems such as social and human relations, management, health and welfare issues, as well as semantic and personality dimensions. Thus, it is necessary to take measures to visualize urban sustainability in today's cities. Although neighborhoods are the core of urban life, they have no place in the formal spatial planning system. This has led to the intensification of development instability in them. Experience has shown that urban sustainability has received a lot of attention worldwide, while in Iran this issue has not been comprehensively considered and revised. Urban sustainability can show the standard of living in cities; but in our country, most of the attention is on big cities and for small towns, there is no definite plan for sustainability. The city of Rudian, like many large cities in the country, faces many issues, including the instability of development, and this issue reaches its highest level in some neighborhoods. Therefore, the current paper presents and measures the components and sustainability dimensions of new neighborhoods of the city of Rudian and compares sustainability among the neighborhoods located in various urban contexts, including old and new contexts.The current paper aims at measuring and analyzing the level of physical, economic, biological, social and security sustainability of urban neighborhoods. This is an applied analytical- descriptive paper. The statistical population includes all people living in the City of Rudian in 2016, of which 359 sample were selected using convenient sampling method. The sample size was based on Cochran's sampling method and 35 questionnaires were allocated per neighborhood. The completed classification sampling method was used to complete the questionnaire. Scientific books and articles were used to collect data and extract indicators of sustainability affecting local communities, and then people's opinions were obtained through a questionnaire. The number of 359 questionnaires were randomly distributed among families living in the city of Rudian, and based on popular opinion; data analysis was performed in order to analyze the data obtained. Field operations of t-sample statistical test for sustainability assessment measures were used to analyze variance to compare items in SPSS software and then ranked in WASPAS combined decision models. Sustainable neighborhood development emphasizes the balance between environmental necessities and development goals, especially in the economic dimension through public participation; at the same time, it promotes local social relations and institutionalizes them for the future. The current paper measures quantitative sustainability dimensions of the city of Rudian neighborhoods. Findings also show that there are differences and inequalities between different parts of the region in terms of sustainability. Given that the neighborhoods of Deh Pa'in and Saghar Karami are unsafe in terms of security: it is suggested that the number of light posts on the side roads and the military centers increases in these neighborhoods. Also it is recommended that the under construction buildings be monitored to be more secure against earthquakes and fires. The results showed that all neighborhoods in the city of Rudian are unstable in terms of social dimension. Government agencies are proposing to increase the green spaces of the neighborhood to create a healthy living environment in the neighborhood and increase participation to solve neighborhood problems. All neighborhoods of the city of Rudian in terms of: 1- The economic dimension is unstable. It is suggested that with the cooperation of the Housing and Urban Development Organization and their inspections, the prices of residential units in the neighborhoods should be closer to the real prices and suitable places should be created for service-welfare activities in the neighborhood. 2- Environmental dimension is unstable, it is suggested that green sports and leisure spaces be developed and the sewerage network of the neighborhoods, which is one of the main threats, be completed and maintained. Given the fact that Saghar Karami neighborhoods are in unstable physical condition, it is recommended to avoid creating dry and desolate environments and rough buildings inside the neighborhood, and to create mixed uses to increase access and reduce travel costs. At the city level, continuing the current trend is a major challenge in achieving sustainable urban development. According to the research findings, in terms of the sustainability of the neighborhoods, in general, the neighborhood of Sar Qanat is in the best condition compared to other neighborhoods. Then there is the neighborhood of Deh Bala. Saghar Karami and Deh Pa'in neighborhoods are in the next ranks in terms of local sustainability. The result is that in the entire city of Rudian, the level of local stability is relatively low, and in addition, there is a relative inequality in the level of neighborhood stability in the city of Rudian.