خلاصة:
The overall purpose of this study was to perform a descriptive research on fear of crime, its related individual factors and sports environments, as well as the occurrence of inappropriate behavior by fans at stadiums. The research tool was a researcher-developed questionnaire that was found to be valid and reliable. 315 football fans completed the questionnaires at Fooladshahr Stadium in Isfahan, Iran in the second half of 2019. The results showed that the variables of age, level of education and marital status had a significant relationship with fear of crime. Among the teens, 13 to 17 years old, fear of crime was less than the youth while among the youth, it was more considerable than adults. Other individual variables (ethnicity, parents' income and family cultural environment) did not have a significant relationship with fear of crime. Variables related to sports environments, group of friends, rudeness at stadiums, the quality of sports environments, extreme attachment to a team, and crime perception in sports environments are also significantly related to fear of crime. This study emphasizes the need for special attention of sports and security officials to the strict implementation of laws, as well as updating the laws in line with developments and training of fans behavior at stadiums.
ملخص الجهاز:
1025 A B S T R A C T A R T I C L E I N F O The overall purpose of this study was to perform a descriptive research on fear ofArticle history: Received: March 2020 Accept: March 2021 Online publish: April 2021 Keywords: Fear of crime Stadium Team attachment Stadium quality Crime perception Introduction crime, its related individual factors and sports environments, as well as the occurrence of inappropriate behavior by fans at stadiums.
The present study deals with the important and effective factors of fear of crime at sports stadiums during football matches and how the fans feel about the atmosphere of the stadiums and what variables, in particular which aspects of the characteristics of the matches at the stadiums, affect this feeling.
The present study deals with the role of sports environments such as sports stadiums and its concerned fan behavior, as a very critical and effective variable on fear of crime and also sense of security (McGinn et al.
Studies show that in sports environments, fear and a sense of security as well, are more related to the fans' mental perceptions and expectations of the quality of sports matches (favorite team performance) as well as the quality and manner of providing services to fans at sports stadiums than the crime itself.