Ancient Metalworking inSouthern Kuhdasht County:A Study of Smelting Slag from Botkhaneh Cave مقالة

مؤلف: Emami، Mohammadamin ؛ Elikay Dehno، Soraya ؛ Garavand، Morteza ؛

the society of iranian archaeologists Summer- Autumn 2017, Volume 3 - Number 6 (‎9 صفحة - من 88 إلی 96 )

الکلمات المفتاحية: Iron Lorestan Archaeometallurgy Metalworking Slag Southern Kuhdasht

خلاصة:

A field survey of Southern Kuhdasht County around Botkhaneh cave was conducted in order to prospect the area for archaeological sites related to ancient metalworking industries. The first field season identified sixteen locations with abundant amount of slags, which may represent potential metalworking installations. The present study has been carried out on by means of analysis of iron-smelting slags from the survey in terms of their mineralogy, phase-states, and chemical composition in order to determine particular metallurgical extraction techniques. The results of this study show that the Kuhdasht samples are primarily ferrous slags resulted from ironworking in a reduction furnace. Furthermore, based on the phases that appear in the slag mixture, it is proposed that the iron extraction system of this region relied on open furnace technology and high temperatures, ca. 1100-1220 degrees Celsius.

ملخص الجهاز:

Ancient Metalworking in Southern Kuhdasht County: A Study of Smelting Slag from Botkhaneh Cave Mohammadamin Emami* Art University of Isfahan, Iran Soraya Elikay Dehno Research Institute of Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization (RICHT), Iran Morteza Garavand University of Tehran, Iran Received: May 24, 2017 Accepted: October 16, 2017 A field survey of Southern Kuhdasht County around Botkhaneh cave was conducted in order to prospect the area for archaeological sites related to ancient metalworking industries. The present study has been carried out on by means of analysis of iron-smelting slags from the survey in terms of their mineralogy, phase-states, and chemical composition in order to determine particular metallurgical extraction techniques. Furthermore, based on the phases that appear in the slag mixture, it is proposed that the iron extraction system of this region relied on open furnace technology and high temperatures, ca. Chemical analysis of Slag Samples from Southern Kuhdasht County by XRF Evidence of extractable mines in the region remains scant due to lack of field studies of industrial activities. Petrographic analysis shows that the mineral composition of these slags generally also includes natural iron (Fe), magnetite (Fe3O4) and Fayalite (Fe2SiO4) (Fig. 7). The temperature of the melt in the case of slags with a large percentage of silica, iron oxide and equilibrium limestone (Fig. 12) in their chemical structure is about 1100° C to 1200° C (Ramm 1980; Emami et al.

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