خلاصة:
Governments around the worlds especially in developing countries face with tremendous challenges. High or moderate rate of corruption can be named as one of the most important of these challenges. Corruption and its inefficiency can deviate resources allocation to unproductive sectors of economy. Trust in social networks or within the society has two antithetic effects in deployment of corruption in government and bureaucratic systems. Governments may want to use public trust for eradicating corruption in one hand and by the other hand particularistic trust may cause corruption. Generalized and particularistic trusts have two effects on corruption. E- Government a solution can decrease the harmful effects of particularistic trust extension. This paper wants to introduce and use these two phenomena in the field of public economics by concentrate on corruption and e- Government as a solution.
ملخص الجهاز:
Using information and communication technology (ICT) in the government's structure names E-Government, it would be applicable to decrease the menace of face to face contacts between agents and principals that rests on particularistic trust as a source of corruption.
By Engaging citizens through dialogue and feedback to promote their greater panicipation in the process of governance of these institutions e-government can be viewed as a subset of e-governance, and its focus is largely on improving administrative efficiency and reducing administrative corruption (Putnam, Leonardi, & Nanetti, 1993) Both the United Nations and the World Bank present an incremental development model for E government services.
Christensen and Laegreid ( 2005) argue that trust in government depends on several factors including trust in institutions and democracy and well as service satisfaction and a number of demographic variables such as age and education Reviewing several papers about the role of trust in government structure and state as a whole declare that trust to government implements we know as being benevolent government, can decrease the transaction costs and help government be more effective in public goods production process.
For example Warkentin, Gefen, Pavlou, and Rose (2002) proposed a model of trust in E-government while Caner and Bélanger (2005) and Rogers (1995) worked on the effects of increased trust in government generally.
The result of Welch, Hinnant, & Moon (2005) study on the relation between trust and government categories to three main factors: transactions, transparency and interactivity.