مرور انتقادی نظریه رفتار برنامه ریزی شده آجزن مقالة

درک عواملی که موجب پذیرش یک فناوری می ‌شوند و ایجاد شرایطی که تحت آن، فناوری‌های اطلاعاتی مورد نظر پذیرفته شود از پژوهش های مهم در زمینه فناوری اطلاعات است. نظریه رفتار برنامه ریزی شده از مهم‌ترین و مشهورترین نظریات پذیرش فناوری است به گونه ‌ای که تاکنون بیش از 2000 مقاله معتبر با مدل پذیرش فناوری نگارش شده است و بیش از 300 هزار ارجاع به مقالات TPB آجزن وجود دارد. نکته مهم که در غالب مقالات مرتبط وجود دارد این است که اکثر آن‌ها بدون شناخت کافی از ابعاد، متغیرها، روش‌ شناسی و حتی مقاله مرجع TPB و انتقادات وارد بر این نظریه، از مدل مربوطه استفاده می‌ کنند. در این مقاله ابتدا مبانی نظری TRA و انتقادات وارد به آن که موجب ظهور نظریه TPB گردیده است و سپس درباره نظریه TPB آجزن و فیشبن بحث گردیده است. سپس این نظریه با روش نقد محتوایی و با ابزار جمع ‌آوری مطالعات کتابخانه ‌ای و مقالات و وب‌سایت‌های مرتبط، به بررسی تفصیلی نظریه رفتار برنامه ‌ریزی آجزن پرداخته شد. بیشترین بررسی این تحقیق درباره قصد و رابطه بین قصد و رفتار است که دلایلی برای خدشه وارد کردن به این رابطه بیان شده است. فرهنگ و اثر اطلاعات و دانش جدید، مفاهیم دیگری است که به تفصیل به آن پرداخته شده است. در نهایت پیشنهاداتی برای این نظریه و محققان آینده و هم‌چنین چالش ‌های نقد نظریه آمده است.

Abstract Understanding the factors that cause the acceptance of a technology and creating the conditions under which the desired information technologies are accepted is one of the important researches in the field of information technology. The theory of planned behavior is one of the most important and famous theories of technology acceptance, so far more than 2000 valid articles have been written with the technology acceptance model, and there are more than 300 thousand references to Ajzen's theory of planned behavior (TPB) articles. The important thing that exists in the majority of related articles is that most of them use the relevant model without sufficient understanding of the dimensions, variables, methodology and even the reference article of TPB and the criticisms of this theory. In this article, first the theoretical foundations of theory of reasoned action (TRA) and the criticisms made to it, which led to the emergence of the TPB theory, and then the TPB theory of Ajzen and Fishben are discussed. Then, this theory was analyzed in detail with the method of content criticism and with the tool of collecting library studies and related articles and websites. The most researched in this research is about the intention and the relationship between intention and behavior, and the reasons for harming this relationship have been stated. Culture and the effect of new information and knowledge are other concepts that have been discussed in detail. Finally, there are suggestions for this theory and future researchers, as well as the challenges of criticizing the theory.Introduction Many people, without knowing about some theories, implement them in practice. An important issue here is that researchers use a theory without knowing its various aspects. In most cases, researchers do not even refer to the original theory and the source of the theory to learn about the complete theory and use second-hand sources to quote or use a theory. In a better case, the researchers refer to the original theory and the relevant source, but they are unaware of the origin of the theorizing in that field, the relationship of the theory with other theories of the same period, and the problems that a theory has, and sometimes It happens that a researcher uses a certain theory for many years and in different researches, but does not search for these and similar cases; However, due to the negligence of the scientific community, the used theory may contain many problems and criticisms and is not suitable for use in many researches. In most cases, the fame and credibility of the theorist causes the scientific community and researchers to neglect the detailed and detailed examination of a theory, and no one imagines that a famous scientific theory may have problems and criticisms. Considering the importance of discussion and research in the field of technology acceptance models, in this article, one of the most famous behavioral theories called the theory of planned behavior of Ajzen, which is mentioned many times in articles and scientific sources, is discussed. Used.Case study This research aims to critically examine Ajzen's theory of planned behavior, to know about its various aspects, the origin of how to theorize in that field, the relationship of the theory with other theories of the same period, and the problems that have come to this theory.Materials and Methods With the method of content criticism and with the tool of collecting library studies and related articles and websites, Ajzen's theory of planning behavior was investigated in detail. To criticize the theory, different frameworks for the evaluation of theories have been used.Discussion and Results The research findings based on the review of various sources show that the relationship between intention and behavior and the relationship between PBC and BI are problematic (due to reasons such as inconsistency, scope limitation, forgetting, low control, change of mind, unavoidable bias). Inability to measure collective intention and behavior, impairment in the feasibility of intention and behavior at the same time and postponement or forgetting of intention over time, failure to consider the components of behavioral intention, lack of control over behavior and the effect of new information and knowledge. The difficulty in arguing whether the performance of a behavior in the past directly causes the current intention of the person or not, the lack of differentiation in the types of attitudes in TPB, not considering gender inequalities in the model are among the other findings of this research in examining the theory of planning behavior. It's done. Also, in this theory, there is no difference between perceived behavioral control (PBC) and self-efficacy (SE); Culture and cultural dimensions including individualism-collectivism and power distance and the differences these dimensions create in people's behavior are not seen in the TPB model; The effects of new information are not predicted in the model; Knowledge or modification of factual information has no direct role in TPB; The TPB model does not have the ability to predict a set of behaviors; It is one of the other findings of this research.ConclusionThis study is potentially useful because it shows the strengths and weaknesses in the model of the theory of planned behavior, and this can provide a new opportunity for future researchers to adopt appropriate models to conduct empirical tests in different technological conditions.In spite of the idea that there is about the progress of science and the contribution to the scientific boundaries, which sees the progress in management sciences in the mechanical production of new theories and models, this research showed a critical view and approach to the theories, models and theories available in scientific sources. It can also have a significant impact on the progress of management science. This research made a critical review of one of the most important theories of behavioral sciences, which has the most references and uses by researchers compared to other models in that field, and was able to provide suitable correction suggestions, while other models and theories in behavioral sciences And management can be critically examined in the same way by future researchers.