ملخص الجهاز:
Another technical usuli application uses hukm to signify the fundamen~ tal rules inherent in the Shari ‘ah address, expressing the intent of the Lawgiver, where the commands of the Sharitzh necessitate obligations, and its bans man» date prohibitions.
Ghazali further distinguishes between rules that ‘qualify’ acts as obligated or prohibited, and rules that express the ‘conditions’ posited by the Sharitzh indicating their obligatoriness or prohibition, such as reaching puberty, which is a condition obligating a person to perform or refrain from certain acts.
So the Shari ‘ah Texts concerning Allah or His attributes, the affairs of preceding nations, the events in the time of the Prophet, or the description of the Day of Judgment are not considered Sharitzh rules per se, for they neither qualify the acts of the loci of obligation nor reveal their requirements.
To further clarify this, he notes that the Sharitzh address expressed in the following verse does not indicate the prohibition of the mentioned beasts’ corpses, but the act of eating them: Forbidden to you are carrion, blood, the flesh of swine, what is in- yoked in the name of other than Allah, that which is killed by strangula~ tion or violent blow or fall or gore, or from that which has been de- voured by beasts of prey, except for that which you have sacrificed duly .
Ghazali cites other examples to further his argument, saying that it is not re» tionally conceivable to require trees to sew, or to demand blackness to come from whiteness; nor is it possible to demand changing blackness into motion or a tree into a stallion?‘-i’ Another impossible obligation, according to Ghaziili, is commanding the simultaneous performance of two mutually contradictory tasks.