Abstract:
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: ﻃﺮﺣﻮراه ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ و دﺷﻮاری در ﻧﻈﻢﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﺟﺪاﮔﺎﻧﻪ، در ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﺪل آﺳﯿﺐﺷﻨﺎﺳﯽ رواﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﻪی ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی ﮐﻠﯿﺪی در اﺧﺘﻼﻻت رواﻧﯽ ﺧﺎص، در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ. ﻫﺪف از اﻧﺠﺎم ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ، ﻧﻘﺶ ﻃﺮﺣﻮراهﻫﺎی ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻧﻘﺶ دﺷﻮاری در ﻧﻈﻢﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ در ﺑﺮوز اﺿﻄﺮاب در ﻣﯿﺎن داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﺑﻮد. روش: ﺑﺪﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺗﻌﺪاد 200 (108دﺧﺘﺮ و 92 ﭘﺴﺮ)ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن داﻧﺸﮑﺪهﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺧﻠﯿﺞ ﻓﺎرس ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﺧﻮﺷﻪاﯾﯽ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪاﯾﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، ﻣﻘﯿﺎس دﺷﻮاری در ﻧﻈﻢﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎن، ﻓﺮم ﮐﻮﺗﺎه ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻮاره و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺑﮏ را ﺗﮑﻤﯿﻞ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ. داده ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش آﻣﺎری رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﮔﺎم ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎم ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ.
ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ رﮔﺮﺳﯿﻮن ﺑﻪ ﺷﯿﻮه ﮔﺎم ﺑﻪ ﮔﺎم در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ دﺷﻮاری در ﻧﻈﻢﺑﺨﺸﯽ ﻫﯿﺠﺎﻧﯽ، ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎی ﻣﺤﺪود اﺳﺖ و ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﻬﻢ دﯾﮕﺮ، دﺷﻮاری در ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﮑﺎﻧﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ در زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻃﺮﺣﻮارهﻫﺎی ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر اوﻟﯿﻪ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻃﺮﺣﻮارهﻫﺎی آﺳﯿﺐﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎری و رﻫﺎﺷﺪﮔﯽ را اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ در ﮐﻞ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻃﺮﺣﻮاره ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر آﺳﯿﺐﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻤﺎری، ﻃﺮﺣﻮاره ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر رﻫﺎﺷﺪﮔﯽ و دﺷﻮاری در ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﺗﮑﺎﻧﻪ را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ.
ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ و ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ در ﺑﺮوز اﺿﻄﺮاب در ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺖ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﯽ ﺷﺎﯾﺎن ﺗﻮﺟﻪ اﺳﺖ.
ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪﻫﺎی ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ/ ﻋﺎﻃﻔﯽ از اﺿﻄﺮاب ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ.
Introduction: Psychological well-being has always attracted psychologists' attention, especially in occupational and scientific environments. Nursing is an important and stressful job that has serious physical and psychological consequences. Due to the sensitivity of the matter, Present research tries to make a prediction about nurses' psychological well-being based on personality traits (NEO) and resiliency. Method: The present research was in descriptive and correlation style. The statistical universe
consisted of all nurses of private sector of Hamedan from them, 160 people were selected as sample population through cluster sampling. To collect the data, big five personality factors of Costa and McCrae (NEO), Connor and Davidson's resiliency inventory (CD-RISC), Ryff's Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB) were used and then the data was analyzed using
SPSS 18 according to Pearson's correlation coefficient, multivariate regression. Results: Analysis of research data showed that personality traits are able to predict psychological components of well-being to a significant degree (R2 = 37) and high resiliency
also predicts higher psychological well-being (β = 41). Conclusion: Considering that personality traits and high resiliency are able to predict psychological well-being, we should try to develop high resiliency as well as positive personality traits in individuals, or identify susceptible individuals to improve their psychological well-being by means of educational approaches.