چکیده:
Plato is the first philosopher who states his political views in a sound philosophical system. The testimony to this statement is his two important works, i.e. Republic (Politeia) and Laws (Nomoi) in which one can trace his political views. Plato’s political writings indicate that his life as a great philosopher has never been devoid of the political and social issues of his time. The fusion of politics, metaphysics, ethics and education in Plato’s works demonstrate that he was involved in political and social problems in an important and eventful period. Since no thought is created without passing through the historical bottlenecks, an attempt is made here to examine the impacts of Greece’s eventful and flourishing period, i.e. the fifth century B.C., on Plato’s political views as the recognition of the effective factors influencing the views of a philosopher which will help the researcher understand the historical trends.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Plato has tackled political and social issues in his works so much as it seems even his pure philosophical or metaphysical thoughts have been influenced by the political and social conditions of the fifth century B.
The other issue scrutinized in Plato’s political thoughts is the types of existing governments in the fifth century B.
1- How was Plato’s Justice Theory Influenced by the Social and Political Conditions of the fifth Century B.
On the other hand, we cannot ignore the influence of Pythagoreans on Plato’s belief about justice as they were actively involved in the social and political affairs of their era too.
The establishment of dialogue and harmony between the soul and government and the relationship between the two, which are influences from Pythagoreans, can be seen in the following statement of Plato in Republic, "I figured it is better to start the research this time from a different perspective.
This transition from individual justice to social justice, and vice versa, indicates Plato’s belief in the mutual influence of man and society, which is also found in Socrates’ thought one way or another.
C. Influenced Plato’s Political Thought It seems impossible for Plato to aim at maximum justice in Utopia without laying the foundations of education in it.
Based on what has been said here, it should not be concluded that all of Plato’s thoughts and beliefs were influenced by the fifth century B.