چکیده:
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: وارﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺳﺎزهﻫﺎی ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ و ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻔﺎوتﻫﺎی ﻓﺮدی اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺷﺎﯾﺎن ﺗﻮﺟﻬﯽ دارد. ﻫﺪف از اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ، ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎی رویآورد/ اﺟﺘﻨﺎب و ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎی دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﻮد.
روش: اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﯾﮏ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎری ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 315 ﻧﻔﺮ از داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن دﺧﺘﺮ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﺮﺑﯿﺖ ﻣﺪرس ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﻃﺒﻘﻪای اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.ﮔﺮوه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ اﺟﺮای ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎی ﺑﺎزداری/ ﻓﻌﺎلﺳﺎز رﻓﺘﺎری(BIS/BAS) ﮐﺮور و واﯾﺖ و ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎزﻧﮕﺮی ﺷﺪه ﻣﻘﯿﺎس دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎﻻن ﮐﻮﻟﯿﻨﺰ و رﯾﺪ RAAS ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ رویآورد ﺑﺎ ﺳﺒﮏ دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﯾﻤﻦ و ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﺑﺎ ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎی دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺎاﯾﻤﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ وﺟﻮد دارد. ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼوه اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺧﺮده ﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎی ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ رویآورد ﺑﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان 20 درﺻﺪ، وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺳﺒﮏ دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ اﯾﻤﻦ را ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﺮده و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ 11/5 درﺻﺪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﮏ دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻧﺎاﯾﻤﻦ را ﺗﺒﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: آﻧﭽﻪ از ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﺮ ﻣﯽآﯾﺪ، ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ ﺑﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎی رویآورد/ اﺟﺘﻨﺎب ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﺳﺒﮏﻫﺎی دﻟﺒﺴﺘﮕﯽ ﻓﺮد ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
Introduction: Early maladaptive schemas and difficulties in emotion regulation are separately considered as key components in characterization of disorders in several psychopathological models. The aim of this study is to survey the role of early maladaptive
schemas as a cognitive factor and difficulties in emotion regulation as an emotional factor in students’ anxiety.
Method: Sample included 108 female and 92 male students of Persian Gulf University who were given the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Short Form of Schema Questionnaire and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Results: The results of stepwise multiple regression on difficulties in emotion regulation showed that limited emotion regulation strategies was the most important variable and
impulse control difficulties proved to be the second variable. The results on early maladaptive schemas also extracted two schemas of vulnerability to illness and abandonment in terms of importance. In sum, findings on total variables suggested three variables of vulnerability to illness maladaptive schema, abandonment maladaptive schema, and impulse control difficulties in respect of importance. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, cognitive and emotional factors have simultaneous roles in prediction of students’ anxiety. The results have been explained on the basis of cognitive/emotional theory of anxiety.