چکیده:
Based on the recent literature of heterogeneous firms, productive firms self select themselves into foreign markets. In this framework, there is a productivity rise prior to exporting. On the other words, different export performance across firms is linked to their heterogeneity. The main purpose of the present paper is to examine the so-called hypothesis of heterogeneous firm in Iran. For this, we have used the last Iranian manufacturing industries data at 4 digit aggregation of ISIC classification during 2000-2010 and examined the hypothesis by using generalized method of moments. The obtained results show that productivity has a relationship with export in both short and long run. So, productivity enhances the competitiveness of the firms in international markets and then firms with high productivity enter global market and consequently export increases. Based on the results, the hypothesis is verified. Regarding to the importance of export in economic development, we suggest that it should be paid more attention to productivity in industrial development policies.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"2. Related Literature The heterogeneity of firms, which arises from the difference in productivity between them, was added to the Krugman's intra-industry trade model (1980) by Melitz (2003), which was presented in the context of a dynamic partial equilibrium model, but assuming Imperfect competition market based on Hopenhayn (1992).
3. Empirical Model: Estimation Results Research model is based on the generalized Method of moment (GMM) as follows: (25) The dynamic form of the model is rewritten as below, (26) where and are exports of firm i in years t and t-1, respectively; , the total factor productivity (Kendrick index) of firm i in year t; , the capital stock of firm i in year t; , the labor of firm i in year t; and , the degree of economic openness of firm i in year t.
Table 1: Results of Estimating the Heterogeneous Firms Model for the Manufacturing Industries in Iran during the Period 2000-2010 Using the GMM Method Variable Coefficient Standard error t-Statistics Prob Export(-1) 1.
968 Source: Authors According to Table (1), and as expected, the model variables (including the levels of productivity, investment, employment, and higher openness degree of firms) have a positive significant effect on their exports.
For this purpose, the total factor productivity of industrial enterprises in Iran was measured at the four-digit ISIC classification level with Kondrick method; and, in addition to control variables, its effect on the exports of these firms during the period 2000-2010 was then estimated and evaluated according to the GMM method."