چکیده:
Knowledge of the judge as one of the evidence of proof helps to judge in penal and civil Affairs. Since the judicial system of the Islamic Republic of Iran has accepted "conscience convincing system" is accepted, science and convincing of a judge are support and criteria for validity of evidences to prove case. In statute law of Knowledge of the judge is accepted in Criminal affairs as well as support and validity for other reasons and as one of reasons doe criminal evidences. The majority of Imamieh scholars consider Knowledge of the judge as absolute proof, but some of other scholars consider Knowledge of the judge against the Prophet. In Islamic penal code (1991) has been discussed sporadically about the Knowledge of the judge. But In 2013 law, Knowledge of the judge assigned a separate topic to itself. In this law, after stating Knowledge of the judge along with the other evidence of proof, the Knowledge of the judge is defined And expressed that Knowledge of the judge is to ensure that the documents In something is presented with judge and science is announced as a better reasons on that no reason is able to conflict with science documentary of a judge. In this thesis, the position of Knowledge of the judge is evaluated among other evidence of proof of crime with regard to new developments in the Islamic Penal Code.
خلاصه ماشینی:
, is prohibited, whether or not claims made under the authorities referred to the persons specified in the law to absolutely arbitration Not prohibited, but in case of arbitration Prohibited the parties, the government, municipalities and others.
††††††† The first speech: stripping the Courts of Justice Disqualification means the Court of Justice that the principle of general competence of the courts of justice to deal with all disputes with persons in accordance with Articles 454 and 455 The parties can submit claims to arbitration entities that trust them and this means that the courts of justice, except with the consent hostiles itself the right to address the differences are not, in this regard, it is worth noting not only individuals can refer to arbitration proceedings but of the courts disqualify a legislator cases in courts of justice to deal with the claims of the arbitrator or arbitrators ban and handle it the authority entrusted to them was mentioned that last season.
In general Claims contract dispute arbitration parties, including the general jurisdiction of the Courts of Justice and the jurisdiction of arbitrators will be removed.
The first speech: Non refer the parties to Justice Arbitration contract limiting the general jurisdiction court judgment ruling Justice and entrust the fate of the dispute is private.
By contracting parties to accept arbitration as a dispute out of court by persons other than the judges of Justice and formal and resolved.