چکیده:
The present study aimed the effect of incorporating critical thinking into an EFL curriculum
to in order to see whether it has any effect on learners' self-efficacy in vocabulary as well as
speaking ability. To comply with the objective 44 lower-intermediate learners were divided
into experimental and controlled group. The controlled group received instructions for CT
strategies as a part of their curriculum whereas the experimental group had their usual
curriculum without CT instructions. As the pretests and posttests of the study, the
participants took a test of vocabulary, a test of self-efficacy and a topic to speak about. The
results of the Independent Samples T-Test for comparison of pretest and the posttest of
vocabulary for the control and experimental group showed that the participants in the
experimental group had higher vocabulary scores than the control group. Also the results of
the self-efficacy test showed incorporating CT strategies into an EFL curriculum statistically
affected Iranian EFL learners’ self-efficacy. Finally the results of the speaking test showed
that the participants in the experimental group improved both in terms of duration and the
number of the vocabulary in their speaking skill.
خلاصه ماشینی:
In particular, the results of the present study reinforce previous research which indicated a close relationship between critical thinking ability and learners' self- efficacy in learning a second language (Dehghani, et al.
(UJSSHR) 29-34 (2016) ISSN 2382-9753 Feasibility study of Iraq' decomposition and its effects on the region Ebrahim Rahmani1 and Siyamak Moazeni2 1 PhD student in international law, Payam Noor University, Tehran, 2 PhD at political science at Tehran University, Original Article: Received 10 Sep. 2016 Accepted 29 Oct. 2016 Published 29 Nov. 2016 ABSTRACT According to the Iraq's first constitutional law (approved 2005), Iraq is an independent with sovereignty and its governmental structure is parliamentary democratic republic and federal.
Iraq's Kurdistan follows the option of disintegration and separation under the shadow of political and security changes, even with existence of some Iraqi groups' hopes regarding the improvement of situation after parliament election and also considering Masoud Barezani's power will for separation from Iraq as well as regarding special international changes and disintegration of Karime from Ukraine and ISIS crises; concerns have been created among regional and international powers and interior players.
Constitutional law, federalism,ِDecomposition, Iraq's Kurdistan Keyword: * Corresponding author: Ebrahim Rahmani Peer review under responsibility of Iranian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research INTRODUCTION Critical thinking has gained widespread popularity in recent decades.