چکیده:
ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺳﻨﺠﺶ ﻧﮕﺮش ﺧﺎﻧﻮارﻫﺎی ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ ﻋﺮب ﺟﺮﻗﻮﻳﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮچ و اﺳﻜﺎن و ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺗﻨﮕﻨﺎﻫﺎ و ﻣﺸﻜﻼت اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ و زﻳﺴﺘ اﺳﺖ ﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه . در ﺣﺎل ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﻮر را ﻣﻲ ﻛﻮچ ﺗﻮان ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎی ﻧﻮع ﻧﮕﺮش ﺑﻪ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻪ دو ﮔﺮوه ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻛﺮد .ﻛﻮچ ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ اداﻣﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ روی دارﻧﺪ و ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻣﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ اﺳﻜﺎن . ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻻزم اﺳﺖ دو ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﺷ رﻳﺰی ﺑﺮای ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺪ :ﭘﻴﺶ ﻳﻜﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ اﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎت ﻻزم ﺑﺮای ﺑﻬﺒﻮد و اﺻﻼح زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻛﻮچ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ و دﻳﮕﺮی اﻳﺠﺎد زﻣﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺮای اﺳﻜﺎن ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻼﻗﻪ رﻳﺰی ﺷﺪة اﺳﻜﺎن ﻣﻨﺪان ﺑﻪ . ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ آﻣﺎری ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺧﺎﻧﻮارﻫﺎی ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ ﻋﺮب ﺟﺮﻗﻮﻳﻪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن اﻣﻮر ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ .ﺟﻤﻊ روش ﭘ آوری اﻃﻼﻋﺎت، اﺳﺖ ﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ . ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت آﻣﺎری در دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ و اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ . در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از درﺻﺪ و ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ، داده ﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ و ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ و در ﺳﻄﺢ اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻃﻲ از آزﻣﻮن ﻛﺎی اﺳﻜﻮر و ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ ﭼﻮﭘﺮف اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﻬﻢ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﻮچ ﻛﻮچ روی ﺧﺎﻧﻮارﻫﺎی رو از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ، ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﺗﺨﺼﺺ دﻳﮕﺮ، اﻣﺮار ﻣﻌﺎش و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺑﻮده ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﺪﺗﺎ از روی رﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ و ﻓﺮدی ﺻﻮرت ﻧﻤﻲ ﻣﻬﻢ ﮔﻴﺮد و ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﺖ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ اﺳﻜﺎن از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ، ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﻛﻮچ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ، ﭘﺎﻳﺎن درﮔﻴﺮی ﺑﺎ دﻳﮕﺮان در اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﺮه از ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ و ﭼﻨﺪ اﻧﺪک رﻓﺎﻫﻲ اﺳﺖ .ﻣﻬﻢ ﻛﻮچ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻼت ﺧﺎﻧﻮارﻫﺎی ﻧﺸﻴﻦ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻳﻴﻼق و ﻗﺸﻼق ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرت از اﻧﺪ : ﻛﻤﺒﻮد داروی داﻣﻲ، ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﭘﺮواﻧﺔ ﭼﺮا، ﻣﺸﻜﻼت ﻋﺒﻮر دادن دام و اﺳﺘﻔﺎدة از ﻣﺮاﺗﻊ، ﻋﺪم دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺰﺷﻚ، ﮔﺮاﻧﻲ و ﻛﻤﺒﻮد ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ و ﺟﻮ و وﺟﻮد ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎه ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاری دام.
This research aimed at studying the Jarquyeh Arabian nomadic households’ attitudes towards migration and settlement and recognizing their economic، social and biological problems. Currently، nomads of the country might be categorized into two groups in terms of the type of their attitudes towards the nomadic living: a group who is willing to continue migrating، and the other group who is interested in being settled. Therefore، it is necessary to focus on two issues in the planning for nomads: one is to provide for the required facilities to improve the standards of nomadic living، and the other is to set the scene for a planned settlement of those interested in being settled.
Target population of the research includes the Jarquyeh Arabian nomad households covered by the services of the Isfahan Namadic Affairs Organization. Informations are collected through a questionnaire method. Statistical operations are conducted at both descriptive and inferential levels. At the descriptive level، data are compared and analyzed using the percentage and mean figures; and the inferential level، the Chi-Squared test and the Chuprov consistency coefficient are used.
According to the results، the migration of nomadic households might be largely
caused، in terms of frequency، by lack of expertise، livelihood and using ranges،
while it is not mainly happened by their consent or interest; and the tendency to
settlement may be largely induced، in terms of frequency، by hardship of migration