چکیده:
Given more than seven thousand years of urbanization and highly diverse topographic and
geographical conditions, Iran is one of the treasures through the world's architectural history. Climatic diversity,
on the one hand, and long history of living, on the other hand, has led to noteworthy and valuable achievement in
architecture and urbanization within this country. However, these elements are less utilized in today architecture. Urban
life, technological advances and excessive economical demands have extremely made people apart from the nature
and formed their mind within an iterative mechanized order. Furthermore, human being is a part of nature and his/
her close relationship to the nature provides him/her with survival and longevity. In Iranian houses, a space indicating
relationship between human and nature is courtyard. Central courtyards within vernacular houses in Yazd provided
inhabitants with terrific living conditions and enhanced their living quality by utilizing natural elements such as water,
wind, light, and plants. Today, due to providing more houses regardless of their quality, not only are natural elements
ignored in human life; but also in many cases, buildings do not have essential features of living. This paper attempts
to explore how to create and enter natural elements in apartments. This paper aims to investigate natural elements on
vernacular houses in Yazd. A descriptive, analytic methodology along with a case study (vernacular houses in Yazd)
were employed and data was collected through library and field research.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Central courtyards within vernacular houses in Yazd provided inhabitants with terrific living conditions and enhanced their living quality by utilizing natural elements such as water, wind, light, and plants.
Central courtyards within Iranian vernacular houses provided inhabitants with terrific living conditions and enhanced their living quality by utilizing natural elements such as water, Wind catcher Cold & arid Materials mud shelter Temperate & humid Tall walls Home Hot & dry Court yard House Hot & humid Hot & dry Orientation of buildings Climate Architectural features wind, light, and plants.
/ Fig. 3: Position of Yazd city in map Iran (sourse: Wikipedia, 2016) In addition, climate is one of the most influential key factors in formation of central courtyard in hot and arid areas cities and vernacular, vernacular architecture of Iran.
Fig. 4: A plan of houses planes in Yazd (sourse: Armanshahr counselor Engineers, 2009, 26) Vegetation Green space and plants are so important in vernacular architecture.
/ Fig. 7: light in vernacular houses of Yazd (sourse: Hajighasemi, 2004, 56) Evaluating Natural Elements in Houses of Yazd In this section, quality of light, water, and green space are evaluated in courtyards of several houses located in Yazd including Golshan house,Malek house,Rasoulian house, Arabzadeh house, and Mortaz house.
Given analyses based on investigation of light, water, and green space in courtyards of houses in Yazd, it was found that these buildings are designed totally associated with nature.