چکیده:
By investigating the modern architecture in Turkey and Iran, it is observed that the “modern house” discourse is a major part of the architecture in these two countries. The modern architectural idealists in the Westintroduced residential architecture as the essence of modern architecture and considered it an importantand significant subject. Naturally, this view was influenced by the culture of Turkish-Iranian architecturein the early twentieth century. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effects of modern architecture on theresidential architecture of these countries and understand the reasons for their similarities and differences.Hence, this paper seeks to study the impacts and their causes. The purpose of this study is to investigate theeffect of cubic architecture on modern residential buildings in Iran and Turkey, and presents comparativestudy on the developments in residential architecture of the two countries in the early twentieth century.
In this study, the differences and similarities between the underlying factors and the developments ofresidential architecture were have beeninvestigated in two countries. Alao we have tried to present thecomparative study of developments in Residential Architecture in the 1930s, for both countries.In this study, a comparative- analytical research method has been used. Library method has been used togather the information. three buildings from Iran and three buildings from Turkey have been selected todo th comparative study. Then the characteristics were evaluated for the purpose of comparison. The resultsof this study show that, a comparative study on residential architecture from different aspects in the twoperiods of the republic and Pahlavi I, thre is general similarity in follow-up of Bauhaus and expressionismcurrent in the emergence of fundamentally new forms of residential architecture of this period. Cubic houseshave different structural and formal qualities. The structure of the organization of the cubic Plans can bedivided into four categories: Plans with a central plateSoffeh, an inner plateSoffeh, an external plateSoffehand without plateSoffeh that have a mutual relationship with the traditional architecture of these countries.
خلاصه ماشینی:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cubic architecture on modern residential buildings in Iran and Turkey, and presents comparative study on the developments in residential architecture of the two countries in the early twentieth century.
The question of this research is: how has the cubic architecture affected modern residential architecture in Iran and Turkey in the early twentieth century?
Research Background Bozdoğan, while studying and analyzing cubic house in the article entitled "Modern Life: The cubic House in the Culture of the Period of the Early Republic", first, introduced the social background of the emergence of new architecture and style in the residential culture of Turkish elite class and bureaucrats and then analyzed Ankara’s cubic architecture and its impact on the formation of urban middle class life (Bozdoğan, 1996).
In general, the factors influencing the changes in the residential architecture of the countries of Iran and Turkey in the early twentieth century can be classified into four categories: the new urban model, new materials, and technologies, the transformation of the interiors and the development of new typology of housing.
even, the studies on housing in the Pahlavi period was very general, whereas the focus of the present study was more limited on on the adaptation of residential architecture in Turkey and Iran and investigates the impact of the cubic architecture on the modern residential architecture of both countries in the early twentieth century.