چکیده:
Poem is a beautiful narration of history, and the poet takes it from people and their life essence. In Persianliterature, “Nezami” is one of the strongest pillars in storytelling and lyrics. His poems are nothing but thesocial reality of his era.This research is trying to find the answer to this question that how the art of painting in society of 12thcentury ad is reflected in the poems of Nezami? The theoretical framework used in this research is thereflection theory in sociology of art. This theory is based on assumption of art as the mirror of society andreflector of its characters.The research methodology used in this research is library and the technic which is used is content analyses.The aim of this research is reaching to new information in the field of painting in aforementioned entury.
It is hypothesized that “the concepts of Nezami’s poems was taken from the social attitude of his era andwas affected by life issues, and this could indirectly give useful information about various things to theresearcher, including art of painting in society of 12th century ad”.The method of this research is content analysis and the data collection method was through library andincluded tudying Nezami’s works in 12th century. Studying books which are written about stylistics andthemes of ezami’s works and related works to the art history of Iran, publications, etc. has also done.After
a short orientation with the life and opuses of the poet, the information attributed to painting in opuses thatexisted in art history studied and some examples of Nezami’s poems which are a reflection of painting inthe society investigated.The investigations demonstrated that the painting in 12th century’s society has existed in various methodsincluding iconography, drawing portraits on paper, mural, painting on cloth, etc. also the psychologicaleffects of colors was known in this era. The poet has illustrated two types of realistic and conventionalpainting as two different styles, and has made a difference between a painting that is painted exactly alikethe face and a symbolic inting of it.
شعر روایتی زیبا از تاریخ است و مردم و جوهر زندگی انها مایه و الهامبخش شاعر است. یکی از ارکان استوار شعر فارسی در ادبیات ایران، «نظامی » است. شاعری که بازتاب واقعیت اجتماعی زمانه یکی از خصوصیات شعر اوست. بررسیها نشان میدهد نظامی به موضوعاتی لبریز از مایههای واقعیت و بیانگر حقیقت و عینیت زندگی پرداخته و اثارش منابعی گرانقدر برای شناخت جامعه دوران او از منظرهای گوناگون به خصوص هنر نقاشی است.
هدف از این پژوهش، دستیابی به اطلاعاتی جدید در زمینه هنر نقاشی در قرن مذکور و در جستجوی پیدا کردن این پرسش است که اشعار نظامی چه بازتابی از هنر نقاشی در جامعه قرن ششم ه.ق دارند. فرضیه پژوهش حاضر این است که «مضامین اشعار نظامی ملهم از کردار اجتماعی وی و متاثر از مسایل زندگی است و این میتواند به صورت غیرمستقیم اطلاعات مفید و کارامدی را درباره موارد مختلف از جمله هنر نقاشی در جامعه قرن ششم در اختیار پژوهشگر قرار دهد».
چهارچوب نظری استفاده شده نیز نظریه بازتاب در جامعهشناسی هنر است که معتقد است هنر ایینه جامعه و منعکسکننده ویژگیهای ان است.
روش تحقیق، تحلیل محتوا و شیوه جمعاوری اطلاعات، کتابخانهای شامل مطالعه اثار نظامی شاعر مطرح در قرن ششم هجری بود. همچنین مطالعه کتابهایی که درباره سبکشناسی و مضامین اثار شاعر مذکور نگاشته شده و کتابهای مرتبط با تاریخ نقاشی ایران ، نشریات و ... است.
بررسیها نشان داد که نقاشی در جامعه قرن ششم ه.ق با شیوههای مختلف از جمله پیکرنگاری، کشیدن پرتره افراد بر روی کاغذ، نقاشی دیواری، نقاشی روی پارچه و موارد دیگر در جامعه قرن مورد مطالعه وجود داشته است. همچنین تاثیرات روانشناسانه رنگها در این روزگار شناخته شده بود. شاعر در اشعار خود دو نوع نقاشی واقعگرایی و قراردادی را به صورت دو سبک مجزا نشان داده است و بین نقاشی که عین تصویر فرد کشیده میشود و نقاشی نمادین از چهره، تفاوت قايل شده است.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Analyses of the Reflection of Painting in the Opuses of Nezami Ganjavi (12th century AD) Maryam Khorrami* Minoo Khany** Abstract Poem is a beautiful narration of history, and the poet takes it from people and their life essence.
It is hypothesized that “the concepts of Nezami’s poems was taken from the social attitude of his era and was affected by life issues, and this could indirectly give useful information about various things to the researcher, including art of painting in society of 12th century ad”.
After a short orientation with the life and opuses of the poet, the information attributed to painting in opuses that existed in art history studied and some examples of Nezami’s poems which are a reflection of painting in the society investigated.
Nezami has mentioned Shapour, Iranian artist and painter, while telling romance stories like the legend of “Khosrow and Shirin”: The portrayer I am who with art painted this portrait of khosrow any portrait a portrayer paints reserves the shape but not the soul (Khosrow and Shirin, 168) There are too many other examples that the poet indirectly has reflected the presence of painting in society.
In this research, the author with searching for the keywords: figure, painter, drawer, face, form, shape, portrayer, the pattern of brocade, color, picture, gallery, the pattern of wall, the pattern of porch, the pattern of bathhouse and pen, came to some poems of Nezami which are illustrative of different methods of painting in the society of his era.