چکیده:
ﻛﻠﻣﺔ ﻣﺿﺧﺔ ھو ﻣﺻطﻠﺢ ﻋﺎم ﯾطﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻟﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺿﯾف طﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﻠﺳﺎﺋل, و ﻟﻛﻲ ﺗؤدي اﻟﻣﺿﺧﺔ ﻋﻣﻠﮭﺎ ھذا ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ ﺗزوﯾدھﺎ ﺑﻣﺻدر طﺎﻗﺔ ﻛﮭرﺑﺎﺋﻲ او ﻣﺣرك اﺣﺗراق داﺧﻠﻲ او ﺗرﺑﯾن, و اﻟﺿﺦ ھو اﺿﺎﻓﺔ طﺎﻗﺔ ﻟﻠﺳﺎﺋل ﻟﻧﻘﻠﮫ ﻣن ﻣﻛﺎن اﻟﻰ اﺧر و ھذا ﯾﺣدث ﻋن طرﯾﻖ اﻟﻣﻛﺑس او اﻟدﻓﺎﻋﺔ او اﻟﺗروس او اﻟﻣروﺣﺔ ﺣﺳب ﻧوع اﻟﻣﺿﺧﺔ ﻓﻣﺛﻼ اﻟدﻓﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺿﺧﺔ اﻟطﺎردة اﻟﻣرﻛزﯾﺔ. و ﺑﺳﺑب اﻟﺣرﻛﺔ ﯾﺣﺻل اﺣﺗﻛﺎك اﻟذي ﯾﺳﺑب ﺿﯾﺎﻋﺎت ھﯾدروﻟﯾﻛﯾﺔ. اﻧواع اﻟﺿﯾﺎﻋﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺿﺧﺎت اﻟطﺎردة اﻟﻣرﻛزﯾﺔ ﻣﺗﻌددة و ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﻣﻧﮭﺎ اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ و اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ و اﻟﻣﯾﻛﺎﻧﯾﻛﯾﺔ و اﻟﮭﯾدروﻟﯾﻛﯾﺔ و ﺿﯾﺎﻋﺎت ﺗﺣﺻل ﻋﻧد اﻟرﯾش ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ اﻻﺣﺗﻛﺎك. ھذا اﻟﺑﺣث ﯾﺗﻧﺎول ﺗﺻﻣﯾم و ﺗﺣﻠﯾل ﻷداء ﻣﺿﺧﺔ طﺎردة ﻣرﻛزﯾﺔ. و ﻗﻣﻧﺎ ﺑﺣﺳﺎب اﻟﺿﯾﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﮭﯾدروﻟﯾﻛﯾﺔ. ان اﻟﺿﯾﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﮭﯾدروﻟﯾﻛﯾﺔ ﺗﺗﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﮭﯾﻛل اﻟﻣﺿﺧﺔ و اﻟدﻓﺎﻋﺔ، وھﻲ اﻟﺿﯾﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻧﺎﺟﻣﺔ ﻋن اﻻﺣﺗﻛﺎك ﺑﯾن اﻟﺳﺎﺋل واﻟﺟدران، وﺗﻐﯾﯾر اﻟﺳﺎﺋل ﻻﺗﺟﺎھﮫ اﺛﻧﺎء اﻟﺗدﻓﻖ.
The word pump is general term for any fluid machine that adds energy to a fluid. The pump is power absorbing machine. The power can be supplied to the pump by a prime mover like an electric motor, an internal combustion engine or turbine. Pumping means addition of energy to a liquid to move it from one place to another and this done by means of piston, impeller. Propeller, or gears depending upon types of pump. Because of the movement gets friction resulting of hydraulic losses. The kinds of loss of centrifugal pumps can be differentiated in internal losses and external or mechanical losses. The internal loss is hydraulic losses or blade losses by friction. This paper deals with the design and performance analysis of centrifugal pump. And calculate the hydraulic losses. Hydraulic losses relates to the construction of the pump or impeller and is caused by the friction between the fluid and the walls, the acceleration and retardation of the fluid and the change of the fluid flow direction.