چکیده:
The history of Tabaristän, from the late Sassanid era through the middle
Islamic age, underwent significant social and political changes the result of
which were independence seeking movements leading to some semiindependent
local governments. Each of these governments claimed political
and social governance over a particular region. Castles, as important and
influential military bases, were means at the disposal of the commanders and
governors to maintain their sociopolitical power. Among the known castles in
the mountains of Mazandaran province, Pouläd Castle in Nour, the capital of
Nour County, is one of the symbols of territorial defense. It is located on a tall
mount off the city of Baladeh in Nour County. Being built on an elevated
location and overlooking the important surrounding regions and strategic
ways has made Pouläd Castle one of the important centers in the sociopolitical
changes. The present study follows a field work method as well as a library
research method to investigate the defense structure of Pouläd castle and its
geopolitical and geostrategic role in the power distribution pattern over the
region of Rouyän in Tabaristän during the Islamic middle ages. The results
show that the builders had tried their best to enhance the stability of the castle
by building several layers of walls, utilizing the slope of the mountain,
building several defense towers, and using rocky and impervious points as
natural forts. Architectural analysis shows that Pouläd Castle, with both its
military and political functions, has had a prominent role in the political
changes of western Tabaristän.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"A Study of Historical, Geopolitical and Geostrategic Specifications of Pouläd Castle of Tapuria (Tabaristän) in the Middle Islamic Ages Mohammad Hasan Zaal1, Seyed Mehdi Mousavi Kouhpar*2, Javad Neyestani 3, Alireza Hejabri Nobari 4 Received: 2015/10/10 Accepted: 2016/8/10 Abstract The history of Tabaristän, from the late Sassanid era through the middle Islamic age, underwent significant social and political changes the result of which were independence seeking movements leading to some semi- independent local governments.
The present study follows a field work method as well as a library research method to investigate the defense structure of Pouläd castle and its geopolitical and geostrategic role in the power distribution pattern over the region of Rouyän in Tabaristän during the Islamic middle ages.
6. Analysis In this research, an attempt was made to survey the geopolitical and geostrategic role of Tabaristän Rouyän region in the middle ages of Islam with a case study of Pouläd-e-Nour Castle.
The first is about geopolitical and geostrategic role of the Rouyän region specially Pouläd castle in political developments of Tabaristän and the second one about analyzing the architecture spaces of Pouläd Castle and its connection to environmental potentials and geographic spaces.
Locating and structural features of Pouläd castle like width, complexity and considered defensive preparations (nested walls and multiple watchtowers), existence of magnificent entrance on south with zigzag arc and also stone cisterns in 3rd and 6th surfaces show the role of Pouläd castle as one of the most important political focuses of Tabaristän."