چکیده:
Statement of the problem: Cities inherently encounter complex, interrelated, and widespread challenges that can only be solved through a systematic approach. In other words, the accumulation of a huge mass of people has led to chaos, and created the conditions that not only led to the collapse of the balance of the cities but also achievement of stability is impossible with the current methods of administration and urban development. As a result, urban planners around the world are trying to provide models with an integrative perspective to all aspects of urbanization development in the 21st century in order to meet new demands and expectations of today. One of the new concepts that deals with the current challenges in the field of urban planning is development of a smart city that has attracted much attention in recent years. Smart City
has been raised as a pivotal factor of the Millennium Development that can open new concepts in urban planning and combine capabilities of real and virtual world to solve urban problems.
Research goal: The aim of this study is to provide a foundation for researches in smart cities. In fact, it aims to explain the concept, meanings, dimensions, attributes, indexes, conventional beliefs, challenges and risks facing the smart city theoretically through profound analysis of relevant literature in this field and discussing the concept.
Research Methodology: The research method is descriptive-analytical.
Results: The results show that despite extensive literature on the concept of smart cities, a clear understanding and consensus on this issue does not exist and various academic researchers have suggested various contents. So that some smart technologies are considered as the only or least important component of the smart city, others have suggested a definition that goes beyond technology and believe that technology adoption is not the end. Technologies can be used in cities to empower citizens by adapting these technologies to their needs rather than adapting their lives to the requirements of technology. In addition, the meaning of a smart city is multifaceted. The key point is that cities must respond to changes in the context in which they operate. Moreover, what should be considered as intelligent depends on a variety of underlying conditions
such as the political system, geography and dissemination of technology. In fact, smart solutions simply cannot be copied; therefore, the value for each field should be evaluated differently.
خلاصه ماشینی:
Therefore, rapid urbanization and efforts to reduce the problems that caused by urban population growth is one of the main causes of the emergence of a smart city (Chourabi, Taewoo, Shawn, Ramon , SehlMellouli, Theresa & Hans, 2012);(Fig. 1).
Mosannenzadeh and Vettoratob (2014) defined the smart city as "Smart City is a sustainable and efficient city with high quality of life that its aim is confronting urban challenges (improving mobility, optimizing use of resources, improving health and safety , improving social development, support for economic growth and participatory governance) through the use of information and communication technologies in services and infrastructures, cooperation between stakeholders and key stakeholders (citizens, universities, government and industry) and capital investment in social capital "(Mosannenzadeh & Vettoratob, 2014).
Hence, a profound analysis of literature shows that in the definitions of authors, special emphasis has been placed on some concepts in the definition of smart city As the use of information and communication technology in urban services and infrastructure, the integration of different systems in planning and implementation, the co-operation of different stakeholders at all stages of urban development, investment in social capital, independence in decision making, participatory governance, interconnection and integration , Creativity, learning and managing various local sources is the initial alphabet of smart city concept (Table1).
- The fourth dimension deals with: directing The Scientific Journal of NAZAR research center (Nrc) for Art, Architecture & Urbanism 15 information and communication technology and people together to enhance innovation, learning and knowledge.