چکیده:
Architectural historiography is one of the most important areas in architecture, and the
main problem is that in Iran, it is not considered by domestic historians as it should; on the
other hand, the existing historiographical works, which are mainly the result of the work
of Western historians, are less criticized and their strengths and weaknesses are unclear.
Therefore, in this research, as one of the historians influencing the history of Iranian
architecture, Andre Godard’s historiographical works will be criticized and investigated.
These works used as a reliable source for the study of Iranian architecture have not been
reread and criticized, its criticizing is necessary. It is not clear that what aspects of the
Iranian architecture is investigated by the historian based on his particular attitude and his
historiography method and which aspects are neglected. Therefore their review clarifies the
existing defects, on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can be a guide for mapping the
history of Iranian architecture by Iranian historians.
The objective of this research is to criticize and investigate Andre Godard’s historiography
considering the fields and context of his historiography and how to reflect these fields in his
historiography works. In this research, extraction of data from the written works of Godard’s
historiography is a large part of the research process, and therefore the grounded theory that
is a theory derived from the data collected and analyzed systematically during the research
process was selected as the method of this research. The results of this study indicated that
Andre Godard influenced by the fields of his era has investigated the historiography of
Iranian architecture with a particular attitude which affected type of his recognition from
Iranian architecture and in general, he can be introduced as a partial thinking historian,
product-centered and regardless of the influential fields in architecture, Physics-centered,
regardless of architectural aspects.
تاریخنگاری معماری از حوزههای با اهمیت در معماری است و مسئله اصلی آن است که در ایران چنان که باید مورد توجه تاریخنگاران داخلی قرار نگرفته است. از سویی دیگر آثار تاریخنگاری موجود که عمدتا حاصل کار تاریخنگاران غربی است، کمتر مورد نقد واقع شده و نقاط ضعف و قوت آنها مشخص نیست. لذا در این پژوهش به نقد و بررسی آثار تاریخنگاری آندره گدار به عنوان یکی از تاریخنگاران تأثیرگذار در حوزة تاریخ معماری ایران پرداخته میشود. ضرورت این نقد از آن جهت است که این آثار در حالی به عنوان منبعی معتبر برای مطالعة معماری ایران مورد استفاده قرار میگیرند که مورد بازخوانی و نقد واقع نشدهاند. بنابراین مشخص نیست که تاریخنگار مبتنی بر نگرش خاص خود و روش تاریخنگاریاش به چه وجوهی از معماری ایران با چه کیفیتی پرداخته، از کدام وجوه غافل مانده و بررسی آنها از سویی نقایص موجود را روشن میکند، نیز از سویی دیگر میتواند راهنمایی باشد برای نگاشت تاریخ معماری ایران توسط تاریخنگاران ایرانی. هدف از این پژوهش نقد و بررسی تاریخنگاری آندره گدار به عنوان یکی از تاریخنگاران تأثیرگذار در حوزه تاریخنگاری معماری ایران با توجه به زمینهها و بستر تاریخنگاری او و نحوة انعکاس این زمینهها در آثار تاریخنگاری اوست. در این پژوهش استخراج دادهها از آثار مکتوب تاریخنگاری گدار، بخش بزرگی از فرآیند پژوهش است و بنابراین نظریه زمینهای که نظریهای برگرفته از دادههایی است که در طی فرایند پژوهش به صورت نظاممند گردآوری و تحلیل شدهاند؛ به عنوان روش این پژوهش انتخاب شد. نتایج حاصل بیانگر آن بود که آندره گدار تحت تأثیر زمینههای زمانه خود با نگرشی خاص به تاریخنگاری معماری ایران پرداخته که در نوع شناخت او از معماری ایران تأثیر گذار بوده است و به طور کلی میتوان او را تاریخنگاری جزیینگر، محصول محور و بی توجه به زمینههای تأثیر گذار در معماری، کالبد محور و بی توجه به وجوه معمارانه معرفی کرد.
خلاصه ماشینی:
"Therefore, in this research, as one of the historians influencing the history of Iranian architecture, Andre Godard’s historiographical works will be criticized and investigated.
The results of this study indicated that Andre Godard influenced by the fields of his era has investigated the historiography of Iranian architecture with a particular attitude which affected type of his recognition from Iranian architecture and in general, he can be introduced as a partial thinking historian, product-centered and regardless of the influential fields in architecture, Physics-centered, regardless of architectural aspects.
<H4>Statement of the problem</H4> As mentioned above, most historiography books of Iranian architecture have been written by Western historians and their works are used as sources for studying Iran’s architecture in the world, but critique of their works has not been considered, and the shortcomings and mistakes are not clear in them.
In a study by Nasrin Goleijani Moghaddam, about historiology of Iranian architecture, only a short critique is taken place by André Godard’s historiography and the researcher has not described the fields of his historiography and his influence on the outcome of his work.
On the other hand, limited data on the historical monuments at that time was also the result of orientalists and archaeologists, and due to their specific features and their impact on the formation of Iranian architectural historiography, their thoughts and attitudes are considered other fields in Godard's historiography (Fig. 3)."