چکیده:
درّه‌ی نگارانِ سراوان یکی از مناطق برجسته‌ی سنگ‌نگاره‌ای در ایران بوده که مملو از نقوشی است که با ظرافت بر دل صخره‌ها حکّ شده و رگه‌هایی از پیش‌زمینه‌های اعتقادی و نمادین در اکثریت نگاره‌ها به چشم می‌خورد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی و شناختِ نمادشناسانه‌ی سنگ‌نگاره‌های درّه نگاران سراوان و دلایل اعتقادیِ ایجاد نقوش از سوی مردم بدویِ آن سامان انجام و به دنبال پاسخ‌گوئی به این سئوال است که: بیشترین تصاویر حک شده بر صخره‌های این درّه، از چه نوعی بوده و مبتنی بر چه بنیان‌های نمادین و اعتقادی ترسیم شده‌اند؟ روش تحقیق، توصیفی تحلیلی بوده و داده‌ها از طریق بررسی میدانی و ثبت مشاهدات نگارنده و نیز به روش اسنادی، گردآوری و به روش استدلال استقرایی، تحلیل شده-اند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که نگاره‌ها در درّه نگاران، به سه گروه جانوری، انسانی و هندسی تقسیم می‌شوند که نقوش جانوری بیشترین فراوانی را در بین سایر نقوش دارد. زمینه‌های نمادین و اعتقادی، نقشِ برجسته‌ای در طراحی نقوش داشته و به طور عمیقی با نحوه زیست و باورهای فکریِ مردم منطقه در آن زمان مرتبط بوده است. ضمن اینکه، بسیاری از بنیان‌های اعتقادی که در هنر صخره‌نگاریِ آن دوره نقش مؤثری داشته‌اند، در زندگی ساکنان فعلیِ منطقه، بوضوح قابل مشاهده است.
According to many scholars, rock art is an illustrative example of a world art dating back to the depths of human history and often considered art as one of the most important branches of visual arts, which recognized the first manifestations of the aesthetic sense and artistic taste of the ancestors of mankind Exhibits in different parts of the world. Meanwhile, petrographic sites include some of the world's largest art works, which, from a cultural standpoint, have plenty of spiritual imagery. This art includes paintings that have been featured in valleys and on boulders and smooth surfaces, and an archive of indigenous arts and traditions dating back to about ten thousand years ago, as an important part of the history of art World known. Saravan Negaran Valley is one of the prominent regions of Iran, surrounded by beautifully crafted paintings on the rocks and streams of symbolic backgrounds in most of the paintings. This research aims to explore the symbolic features of Saravan Negaran and the reasons for the creation of motifs by the primitive people of Time and seek to answer the following question: What are the most picturesque images on the rocks of this valley, based on What are the foundations of symbolism and belief? The research method was descriptive-analytical and data was analyzed by field study and recording of the writer's observations as well as by documentary method and by inductive reasoning method. The findings show that the images are divided into three animals, human, and geometric groups, which have the most abundance of animal designs in comparison to other motifs that are mostly hunted, and combinations of human-animal and animal-animal images Also largely reflects the scenes of the hunting battle that has been common in this age. For this reason, many of the motifs of region, which have a symbol of hunting, include wild cattle and mountain goats with large branches, stretched to various styles in most boulders, and have a direct connection with the nature of that time, as well as the livelihood and beliefs of the people of that time. For the first reasons for painting in this area, the use of this technology and instrument for transmitting messages, recording events and everyday life events, determining the limits and ... has been. The abundance of animal designs also reflects deep beliefs. Firstly, the man of that period wanted to portray the most important activity of his life. Secondly, animals play a vital role in their lives for livelihoods, and they have been carved for their sacred image. The symbolic and religious backgrounds have played a prominent role in the design of the designs and have been deeply intuitive with the way the life and beliefs of the people of the region were at that time. In addition, many of the foundations of creed that have played a significant role in the art of rectangular art are clearly visible in the lives of the present inhabitants of the region, especially in rural and nomadic areas.
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