چکیده:
Supply chains are constantly exposed to various risks. An incident or uncertain event, which has positive or negative effect on the objectives of a project, is called a risk. According to this identification, analysis and prioritization of risks may have a significant role in the success of the project. The purpose of risk management is to reduce the risks of non-achievement of these objectives and to identify and benefit from opportunities. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to prioritize the performance of supply chain risks. For this purpose we have analyzed the supply chain of a large automotive parts' supplier based on the method of fuzzy analytic network process and taking into account the opinion of specialists and experts. Fields of study for the prioritization of the supply chain risks, consist of five main components: supplier risk, manufacturer risk, distributor risk, external risk and final customer risks. In order to prioritize these fields, questionnaires were prepared and codified based on experts' opinions. Afterwards, the compiled data were analyzed and investigated in Super Decision Software. The research results indicate that among the main components, external risks have the first priority and final customer risks have the second priority. Among the sub-components, the inappropriate price sub-component has the highest rank while the supplier bankruptcy sub-component has the last priority.
خلاصه ماشینی:
To achieve this goal, it is necessary to identify and rank effective risks in supply chain (Hugos, 2003; Zsidisin and Ritchie, 2009; Hessam and Savoji, 2012).
Research Method To achieve the main objective of this study, in the first phase, we gather information and identify major and minor factors affecting supply chain risks and effective criteria according to the experts’ verbal weight.
The second level of the hierarchical structure consists of five main factors influencing the supply chain risk, which includes risks of supplier, manufacturer, distributor, external, and customer.
To this end, the respondents were asked, first, to compare the criteria with one another as binaries, then, determine and specify the preference and importance of each criterion to the other one Main Indices of Supply Chain Risks C1 – Supplier Risks C2 – Manufacturer Risks C3 – Distributor Risks C4 – External Risks C5 – Final Customer Risks Delivery errors Timely supply of raw materials Return of materials Terms of competitors Information Technology problems Rapid changes in technology Insufficient inventory in stock Increase in raw material prices Inadequate transport of materials Quality of raw materials Financing of raw materials Bankruptcy of Supplier Quality of raw materials Technology transfer Failure of equipment and devices Non-compliance with technical and engineering issues Changes in product design and engineering Inappropriate control of manufacturing Customers’ financial power Suppliers’ lack of flexibility Dependence on one supplier Events (gas and power outages and fire) IT system malfunction Change in product life cycle International laws and regulations of distribution Inaccurate demand forecasting Market share The expected product quality Receiving overdue Environmental factors (war, disease ...
Then, using expert opinions and interviews with specialists related to the company's supply chain, which included 15 people, these factors were localized and 43 factors were identified under subdivision of the following risks: supplier, manufacturer, distributor, external, and final customer.