Probe the thin strata مقاله

A thin film is a layer of material whose thickness is in the fraction range from one nanometer to several micrometers. The major importance of thin films in the electronics, microelectronics and optical industries is that in recent years with the development of nanotechnology, there has been significant growth in improving the surface properties of materials. The properties of thin films depend on their structure and morphology during the growth and germination process. Layer is generally referred to as a substance or material that sits on a surface or material as a coating and creates new electrical, physical and mechanical properties of the surface that enhances the surface properties of the substrate. In solid state physics, materials are usually studied in bulk. In most coatings methods, a coating called a layer is formed when a substance evolves from a mass into separate atoms, molecules, or ions and settles on the surface of the substrate. Atomic, molecular or ionic particle impurities are formed by various physical and chemical processes to form a layer on the substrate. According to the above definition, thin films are layers that are between 50 and 5000 angstrom thick. In other words, thin films are atomic precision-designed layers of a variety of materials, including metals, insulators, and semiconductors. Thin films can be classified into nanostructured coatings. Also a major application of this thin films modify the surface properties of solids. In this article, the concept of thin film is briefly introduced. Then, the importance and history of thin films will be discussed and the physics and quality of these layers will be studied in detail.

The major importance of thin films in the electronics, microelectronics and optical industries is that in recent years with the development of nanotechnology, there has been significant growth in improving the surface properties of materials. Keyword: Probe, Strata Peer review under responsibility of Iranian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Introduction When the substance is separated from the volumetric state into an atom, molecule or ion and placed on the surface of the substrate, a coating is created which is called a layer. The formation of the layer creates new electrical, physical, optical and thermal properties of the surface, so thin films are a two-dimensional solid object that includes a bunch of nanomaterial. The Concept of Thin Films Layer is generally referred to as a substance or material that forms as a coating on the surface or material and changes existing properties or creates new electrical, physical, mechanical, tribological and corrosion properties on the surface. Thus, from the point of view of solid state physics, a layer is formed when matter is Vol 8 Issue 1 (2020) transformed from a mass into separate atoms, molecules, or ions and adheres to a desired surface (substrate). Undoubtedly, the dramatic growth of communications, information processing, storage, screens, decorative industries, optical instruments, hard materials and insulation is the result of the production of thin films based on new technologies. Cross-sectional image of a three-dimensional integrated circuit (IC) model Submicron thickness thin films, with properties due to their two main characteristics, which include thinness and extra-large surface-to-volume ratio, have found many applications in new technologies.