چکیده:
هنرمندان مینیمالیست که با استفاده از حداقل عناصر، ایده و مفهوم مورد نظر خود را بیان میکنند؛ هنرمندان جهان را تحت تأثیر خود قرار دادهاند. مینیمالیسم که نقطه پایان هنر مدرن و آغاز دوران جدید پسامدرن شناخته میشود تأثیر عمدهای بر آثار طراحان معاصر از جمله در طراحی پوستر گذاشته است. مسأله پژوهش حاضر بررسی هویت و تأثیرپذیری طراحان پوستر ایران از ویژگی آثار مینیمالیستها است. طراحان گرافیک تحت تأثیر این جریان در پی خلق آثاری هرچه سادهتر هستند که بیشترین تأثیر را بر مخاطب بگذارد. بهطور کلی روحیه حاکم بر گرافیک معاصر جهان به سادگی در طراحی و وضوح در بیان سوق پیدا کرده که با روحیه و فرهنگ استعاری درونگرای شرق جهان نیز همسو است و هنرمندان ایرانی نیز در دهههای اخیر تحت تأثیر این جریان قرار گرفتهاند. بنابراین هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر این است که: آیا مؤلفه هویت در پوسترهای معاصر ایرانی که با رویکرد مینیمالیستی طراحی شدهاند وجود دارد؟ نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی بوده و بیانگر این مسأله است که در طراحی پوستر نسل پنجم طراحان گرافیک ایران علاوه بر تأثیرپذیری از ویژگیهای هنر مینیمال، مؤلفههای هنر ایران نیز که حاکی از هویت ایرانی است به کار رفته است.
Minimalist artists that using minimal elements to express their concept and ideas; have
influenced artists in the world. Minimalism known as the end point of the modern art and the
beginning of the postmodern new era, has a major influence on the works of contemporary
designers including Poster design. The issue of present research is identity verification and the
influence of Iranian poster designers is a feature of minimalist work. Graphic designers are
impressed by this stream to create works in the simplest way which has the most impact on the
audience. As a general rule the spirit of contemporary world graphics has simply been
dramatically shaped and clearly expressed which is in line with the inner-oriented metaphorical
culture of the East of the world, and Iranian artists have been affected by this trend in recent
decades. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to: Is there a component of identity in
contemporary Iranian posters designed with a minimalist approach? The results of this research
are descriptive-analytic and indicate this in addition to the design of the fifth generation graphic
designers in Iran influence of Minimal Art features, Components of Iranian Art which is a sign
of Iranian identity.
Minimalist artists considering modern technology and industrial production trends and also use
it in art instead of insisting on handmade art work, it destroyed the notion of authenticity in art
which reminds us of the idea of Marcel Duchamp in the creation of his work. Walter Benjamin
in the 1930s was also predicted lost its authority and supremacy the prominence of the work of
art by modern technology. Minimalism at the beginning time had many opponents. Generally
speaking, minimalism is considered to be the end of modern art and the beginning of a new
postmodern era, which has had a major impact on the works of contemporary designers.
Because the foundation of the works of minimalism is based on order, it is simple to say, simple
and complex methods without complexity. Minimalist Artists basis of his works on logic and
mathematical order, the systematic repetition, objective, use of new products, technology and
communication, and the need for community-based consumption. These artists believe that by
eliminating the deceptive presence of composition and the use of simple items and most of the
industry are geometrically very simplified, it is possible to achieve the pure quality of color,
form, space and material. This art style has been used to design a lot of posters in the United
States in which they referred briefly to an important part of the film, and at the same time its
special attraction is preserved for the viewer. Film posters designed in this way are different
from things designed in advance ahead of them, and the presence of cast photos and the
wallpapers are not very colorful and prolific.