چکیده:
اندازه گیری میزان رضایت از کیفیت زندگی پیچیده است و به بسیاری از عوامل بستگی دارد. همچنین، درک میزان رضایت از سوی هر شخص و در شرایط مختلف شخصی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی، فرهنگی، و فیزیکی متفاوت است. درواقع، اضافه کردن ویژگی های شخصی به تجزیه و تحلیل ها قدرت پیشبینی را بالاتر می برد. بنابراین، هدف اصلی از تحقیق حاضر بررسی وضعیت کیفیت زندگی در محلات مرکزی شهر اردبیل و تبیین ویژگی های فردی تأثیرگذار در ادراک شهروندان از کیفیت زندگی (در چهار بُعد فرهنگی و اجتماعی، کالبدی، اقتصادی، و زیستی) در قالب دیدگاه مکتب جغرافیای رفتار فضایی است. روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی و تحلیلی بر مبنای شیوة مطالعات میدانی است. برای گردآوری داده ها از پرسشنامة پژوهشگرساخته استفاده شده است. روایی پرسشنامه را متخصصان حوزة تخصصی و خبرگان تأیید کردند و پایایی آن نیز به وسیلة آلفای کرونباخ انجام گرفت که میزان اعتبار آن 726/0 محاسبه شد. جامعة آماری تحقیق همة ساکنان بالای دوازده سال واقع در شش محلة مرکزی شهر اردبیل (محلات شهری عالیقاپو یا دروازه، سرچشمه، طوی، گازران، اوچدکان، و پیرعبدالملک) است. حجم نمونة مورد مطالعه بر اساس فرمول کوکران 384 نفر برآورد شد که هر یک از نمونه ها تصادفی انتخاب و مصاحبه شدند. نتایج حاصل از طریق نرم افزار SPSS تحلیل شد. میانگین رضایت مجموع شاخص های مورد بررسی (اقتصادی، زیست محیطی، اجتماعی، و کالبدی) عددی معادل 90/2 را نمایش می دهد که حاکی از رضایت نسبی از کیفیت زندگی کلی ساکنان در محلات است. همچنین، بر اساس یافته ها، متغیرهای مستقل جنسیت، سن، میزان تحصیلات، وضعیت سکونتی ساکنان، محل تولد و مدت سکونت ساکنان با مجموع سطح کیفیت زندگی معنادار است.
Extended AbstractIntroductionMeasuring the degree of satisfaction of Quality of Life in city or neighborhood is difficult and it depends on a lot of factors. Also, understanding the level of satisfaction from each person and in different personal, social, economic, cultural and physical conditions is different. Actually, Adding personal attributes to analyzes will increase predictive power. Some of the individual variables that affect satisfaction include: demographic factors, personality, values, expectations, comparisons with other settlements, and some personal and household characteristics (such as age, gender, education level, occupation, and even ownership).The purpose of the research is Assessment of quality of life in Ardabil City Central Neighborhoods and is to show the effects of individual variables of urban residents on citizens' perception of quality of life (In four dimensions: social, physical, economic and environmental) is in the form of the geographical school of spatial behavior. Therefore, it has investigated the status of residents' satisfaction with the quality of life in the central neighborhoods of Ardabil City (the Aliqapu or Darvazeh, Sarcheshmeh, Tav, Gazaran, Ochidukan and Pirabd ol-Malek).The main questions of this research are:1. How are Satisfaction of residents the quality of life in each dimension?2. How is the quality of life of the residents in the central neighborhoods of Ardebil city?3. How are the individual variables of the residents relate to the degree of satisfaction with the quality of life urban or neighborhood in different aspects of research?MethodologyThe method of this research is descriptive and analytical based on the field study method. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire prepared. Validity of the questionnaire has been confirmed by experts and its reliability was also measured by Cronbach's alpha, with a credit rating of 0.726. The statistical society of our research is all residents over the age of 12 who are in the six Central neighborhoods of Ardabil (Urban neighborhoods of the Aliqapu or Darvazeh, Sarcheshmeh, Tova, Gazaran, Ochdukan and Pir Abdol-Malek). The sample size is calculated using the Cochran formula and With a confidence level of 95% and with regard to the maximum heterogeneity hypothesis as (p=q=0.5) 384 participants. Each sample was randomly selected and interviewed. The results were analyzed by SPSS software. To analyze the relationship between the variables and the answers to the research questions, different tests (ANOVA and t-test) were used. Research indicators include1. Indicators of physical-spatial sustainability: housing, neighborhood vitality, quality of neighborhood form and texture, accessibility and aesthetics;2. Indicators of Social Sustainability: Individual Areas, Public and Social Areas, Neighborhood Units;3. Indicators of environmental sustainability: efficiency, cleanliness of neighborhoods, quality of litter and natural environment of the neighborhood;4. Indicators of Economic Sustainability: Neighborhood Sustainable Active Economy, Neighborhood Financial Costs;Results and discussionThe mean satisfaction of all indicators (economic, environmental, social and physical) was 2.90, indicating a relative satisfaction with the overall quality of life of the residents in the neighborhoods. See the table below:Table 1. Average residents' satisfaction with the status of each of the survey indicators by neighborhoodAverage Neighborhood Economic Environmental Social Physical Urban Neighborhoods3.29 2.79 3.66 3.49 3.2 Ochdukan2.47 2.14 2.4 3.01 2.31 Tova2.82 2.63 2.96 2.89 2.8 Gazaran3.05 2.4 3.15 3.44 3.22 Aliqapu or Darvazeh2.9 3.01 2.77 3.15 2.65 Sarcheshmeh2.89 2.58 3.01 3.31 2.67 Pir Abdol-Malek2.9 2.59 2.99 3.22 2.81 Average IndexOut of all indicators of quality of life, social sustainability index of residents is better than other indicators of quality of life, which is mainly due to the religious background of the studied neighborhoods. Investigating the relationship between total quality of life and its relationship with independent individual variables of residents, as shown in the table below, given the sig value obtained from T-test for independent variables of gender, age, education level, and resident status, Place of birth and residence time of residents is less than 0.05, so it can be said that the relationship between these variables and total quality of life is significant. Relationship mode for individual variables is marital status, and occupation of residents with quality of life vice versa.Table 2. Relationship Level and Relationship Type of Individual Variables of Respondents with Residents' Quality of LifeDescribe the relationship sig T-test AS SS DF Variablesmeaningful relationship 0.026 0.797 0.583 2.915 383 Gendermeaningful relationship 0.018 3.598 2.536 10.144 383 Agemeaningful relationship 0.003 5.211 3.178 12.71 383 EducationNo meaningful relationship 0.272 1.358 0.524 2.017 383 Marital Statusmeaningful relationship 0.002 13.111 0.814 2.438 383 Residential Statusmeaningful relationship 0.003 3.004 1.244 3.733 383 Place of Birthmeaningful relationship 0.021 3.463 1.433 7.167 383 Duration of ResidenceNo meaningful relationship 0.318 1.234 0.446 2.676 383 WorkplaceConclusionArdebil city is in the process of transition to modernity and is influenced by the current and future changes of modern urbanization. Therefore, the quality of life in the central neighborhoods of Ardabil city is not satisfactory and due to being in transition phase this satisfaction can be improved with proper management. On the one hand, changes in urban areas in its various dimensions (economic, environmental, social, and physical) have been unquestionable in the light of community growth and the newly formed needs of residents, and on the other hand, the results of any field study in Behavioral geography, including the consideration of subjective indicators of citizens' quality of life, may be influenced by one another, depending on factors. In addition, individual variables of residents are among the important factors affecting the level of resident satisfaction in different areas of behavioral geography.Therefore, considering the impact of individual variables of residents on their perception of the environment and the needs and expectations of urban plans, consider and measure the effects that urban plans can have on different groups of residents. Developing and reviewing their components is the major strategy that can be suggested to improve the satisfaction of subjective indicators of quality of life in the residents of each neighborhood and especially in central Ardabil.
خلاصه ماشینی:
توزيع درصدي‌نحوة‌پاسخ گويي‌به سؤالات شاخص اقتصادي‌و‌نحوة‌ارتباط آن با‌مجموع کيفيت زندگي (رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) مآخذ:محاسبات محققان در‌نرم افزارSPSS،١٣٩٨ با توجه به اينکه سطح معناداري همۀ سنجه هاي پايداري اقتصادي محلات شهري از سطح معناداري مورد قبول در مطالعات علوم انساني (٠/٠٥) کمتر است ، ارتباط معني دار بين سنجه هاي پايداري اقتصادي و مجموع شاخص هاي ذهني کيفيت زندگي ساکنان تأييد ميشود.
توزيع درصدي‌نحوة‌پاسخ گويي‌به سؤالات شاخص زيست محيطي‌و‌نحوة‌ارتباط آن با‌مجموع کيفيت زندگي (رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) مآخذ:محاسبات محققان در‌نرم افزارSPSS،١٣٩٨ به غير از «مطلوبيت مصرف انرژي مورد نياز» و «تنوع گياهي و کيفيت آن در محله »، که سطح معناداري هر کدام به ترتيب ٠/٦٩١ و ٠/٤٢٥ و بيش از ٠/٠٥ است ، همۀ سنجه هاي مربوط به پايداري زيست محيطي محلات شهري معنيداري ارتباط را با مجموع شاخص کيفيت زندگي نشان ميدهد.
سطح ارتباط و‌نوع ارتباط متغيرهاي‌فردي‌پاسخ دهندگان با‌ابعاد‌کيفيت زندگي ابعاد‌تحقيق کالبدي اجتماعي اقتصادي زيست محيطي (رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) منبع :محاسبات محققان در‌نرم افزارSPSS،١٣٩٨ دربارة بررسي رابطۀ بين مجموع کيفيت زندگي ساکنان محلات مرکزي شهر اردبيل و ارتباط آن با متغيرهاي فردي مستقل ساکنان ، همان گونه که در جدول ذيل مشاهده ميشود، با توجه به اينکه ميزان sig به دست آمده از آزمون T براي متغيرهاي مستقل جنسيت ، سن ، ميزان تحصيلات ، وضعيت سکونتي ساکنان ، محل تولد، و مدت سکونت ساکنان کمتر از ٠/٠٥ است ، ميتوان گفت ارتباط اين متغيرها با مجموع سطح کيفيت زندگي معنادار است .
(
, 
, 
)
