چکیده:
در این مقاله نیز به بررسی میزان بزهدیدگی آزار و اذیت جنسی دیجیتال بر روی بزرگسالان با نگاه به افراد تراجنسی پرداخته شده است. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر گردآوری دادهها از نوع کمی با روش پیمایشی است. جامعةآماری تحقیق ترنسهای ساکن شهر تهران هستند و در کنار آنها یک گروه کنترل که زنان و مردان بالغ 18 تا 55 سال تهرانی را تشکیل میدهند قرار داده شد. در این پژوهش نتیجه گردید که میزان آزار و اذیت جنسی بین جنسیتهای مختلف یکسان نیست و در افراد تراجنسی بیشتر است. و همچنین مسجل گردید که بر مبنای اطلاعات آماری این تحقیق بیشترین نوع آزار و اذیت دیجیتال، تلاش برای ایجاد روابط عاشقانه است. به لحاظ آماری بین میزان استفاده از شبکههای اجتماعی و نرمافزارها و میزان آزار و اذیت جنسی دیجیتال رابطه آماری معنی داری وجود ندارد.
Background and Aim: This article also examines the extent of digital sexual harassment of adults by looking at transgender people. Materials and Methods: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of data collection by survey method. The statistical population of the study is Trans people living in Tehran, and next to them, a control group consisting of men and women aged 18 to 55 in Tehran was placed. Findings and Conclusion: The rate of sexual harassment is not the same between different sexes and is higher in transgender people. It was also found that, based on the statistical data of this study, the most common type of digital harassment is trying to establish romantic relationships. There is no statistically significant relationship between the use of social networks and software and the rate of digital sexual harassment. 1. Introduction Admittedly, the term "cyberbullying" is very rare in adults because of the ways in which the mass victim can be labeled an adult through the mass media and even domestic law. Our main focus in this study is on adults aged 18 to 55 with an emphasis on transgender sexual minorities because very little research has been done on crimes related to digital harassment. 2. Research methodThe present study is applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of data collection by survey method. The statistical population of the study is trans people living in Tehran, and next to them, a control group consisting of men and women aged 18 to 55 in Tehran was placed. 3. Results and DiscussionFor the first hypothesis, analysis of variance was used, which showed that the rate of digital sexual harassment in transgender people is higher than women and men. Regarding the mean and standard deviation of the variables of digital sexual harassment, the highest mean is related to the variable of trying to establish romantic relationships, equal to 2.68, and the lowest mean is related to receiving scary letters or messages or computer virus in e-mail and other cyberspace for Having sex is equal to 1.06. Regarding the last hypothesis, Pearson correlation coefficient test is used and the results of correlation coefficient test show that there is a correlation coefficient of 0.03 between the rate of use of social network and software and the rate of sexual harassment, which indicates a very weak linear relationship. In other words, there is no statistically significant relationship between the use of social networks and software and the rate of digital sexual harassment. 4. Conclusion In this study, it was concluded that the rate of sexual harassment is not the same between different sexes and is higher in transgender people. It was also found that, based on the statistical data of this study, the most common type of digital harassment is trying to establish romantic relationships. There is no statistically significant relationship between the use of social networks and software and the rate of digital sexual harassment. Selection of ReferencesBernstein, A., Abuse and Harassment Diminish Free Speech (2016), Pace Law Review, Vol. 35, No. 1, 2014; Brooklyn Law School, Legal Studies Paper No. 432. Farhadi Alashti, Z. and Javan Jafari, A. (2017), “Cross-border challenges in the effective prevention of cross-border cybercrime”, Quarterly Journal of Intelligence and Criminal Research, Volume 12, Number 1, pp. 9-32. [In Persian]Guasp, A. Gammon A, Ellison G (2013), Homophobic Hate Crime: The Gay British Crime Survey 2013. London: Stonewall and YouGov. URL (accessed 6 June 2017). Jalili, Z. and Attarzadeh, S. (2017), “Laws and issues related to delinquency and transgender victimization in Iran and the United States”, the third national conference of the third millennium and humanities, Bandar Abbas. . [In Persian] Oxford Wordp Selection of References ower Dictionary 4th edition (2018), Translator: Abolghasem Toloo, Jungle PublishingPatricia Bras, Vitor Alexandre Coelho, Marta Marchante (2016), Bullying and cyberbullying in Portugal: Validation of a questionnaire and analysis of prevalence, February, School Psychology International 37 (3).
خلاصه ماشینی:
ايـن افـراد بـا توجه به گرايشات جنسي خود ميتوانند در شبکه هاي اجتماعي ديجيتال حضور داشته باشند و اين آسيب پذيري خاصشان ميتواند منجر به آزار و اذيت جنسي ديجيتالي بيشتري نسبت به ساير افراد شود.
جدول ٦) آزمون ضريب همبستگي پيرسون بين ميزان استفاده از شبکه هاي اجتماعي و نرم افزارها و ميزان آزار و اذيت جنسي ديجيتال {مراجعه شود به فایل جدول الحاقی} نتايج آزمون ضريب همبستگي نشان ميدهد که بين ميزان استفاده از شبکه اجتماعي و نـرم افزارهـا و ميزان آزار و اذيت جنسي ضريب همبستگي در حد ٠/٠٣ وجود دارد کـه نشـانگر رابطـه خطـي بسـيار ضعيفي ميباشد همچنين سطح معني داري آزمون برابر با ٠/٥٠ مي باشد چون از مقـدار خطـاي آزمـون (٠/٠٥) بزرگتر است در نتيجه فرض صفر پذيرفته ميشود بعبـارت ديگـر بـه لحـاظ آمـاري بـين ميـزان استفاده از شـبکه هـاي اجتمـاعي و نـرم افزارهـا و ميـزان آزار و اذيـت جنسـي ديجيتـال رابطـه آمـاري معنيداري وجود ندارد.
در مورد فرضيه اول به منظور مقايسه ميـزان آزار و اذيت جنسي ديجيتال در افراد تراجنسي با ساير افراد از آزمون آناليز واريانس استفاده شـد کـه آمـاره F ٨٢,١٨ و سطح معني داري ٠,٠٠ به دست آمد که نشان داد فرض صفر رد شده و در نتيجـه ميـزان آزار و اذيت جنسي در جنسيت هاي مختلف متفاوت است .
Bernstein, Anita, Abuse and Harassment Diminish Free Speech (2016), Pace Law Review, Vol. 35, No. 1, 2014; Brooklyn Law School, Legal Studies Paper No. 432.
(2008), Harassment through the digital medium: A cross-jurisdictional comparative analysis on the law on cyberstalking.
(2018), Digital harassment and abuse: Experiences of sexuality and gender minority adults.