چکیده:
ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻧﺨﺴﺘﯿﻦ ﮐﻮﺷﺶ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮای ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺑﺨﺸﯽ ادﺑﯿﺎت وﺟﻪ ﻣﺨﺮب ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ زﻣﯿﻨﻪﻫﺎی ﺑﺮوز ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺨﺮب ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎن، رﻓﺘﺎر ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺮب اﯾﺸﺎن و در ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺖ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺮب اﯾﻦ رﻓﺘﺎر ﻫﺎ ﺑﺮای ﺳــﺎزﻣﺎن و ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ را از ﺑﻄﻦ ادﺑﯿﺎت اﺳــﺘﺨﺮاج ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﻫﺪف، ﺑﻨ ﯿﺎدی و از ﻣﻨﻈﺮ ﮔﺮدآوری داده ﻫﺎ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﮐ ﯿﺐ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺤﻮر روش رﯾﺸـﻪ دار ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ ﻣﻀـﻤﻮن ﺑﺎ ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ ﻧﻮﻇﻬﻮر ﺳـﻨﺘﺰ ﺳـﺎز و ﮐﺎر ﻣﺤﻮر، ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺣﺎﺻـﻞ ﺷــﺪه ﮐﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ ﭘﺮدازان را ﺑﺎ اراﺋﻪ ﺗﺼــﻮﯾﺮی ﺟﺎﻣﻊ از ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ ﻣﺨﺮب در ﺑﺴــﻂ ﻧﻈﺮی ادﺑﯿﺎت ﯾﺎری ﻣﯽ رﺳﺎﻧﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﺗ ﺼﻮﯾﺮ ﺗﻬﯽﮔﺎه ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ در ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﺮدی، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ و ﻧﻬﺎدی زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺮوز ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺨﺮب را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﯽ ﺳﺎزﻧﺪ، ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ ﮔﺬاران و ﮐﻨﺸﮕﺮان را در ﺟﻬﺖ ﭼﺎره ﺟﻮﯾﯽ ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ 41 ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮه ﺣﻮل ﻣﻮﺿﻮع وﺟﻪ ﻣﺨﺮب ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﯽ از ﻣﺒﺪا زﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﻃﺮح اﯾﻦ ﻧﻈﺮﯾﻪ) 1985 (ﺗﺎ ﺳـﺎل 2021، 8 ﻗﻠﻤﺮو ﻣﻀـﻤﻮﻧﯽ، 34 ﮔﺮوه ﻣﻀـﻤﻮﻧﯽ و 189 ﮐﺪ ﺳـــﻄﺢ اول را در اﯾﻦ ادﺑﯿﺎت ﺷـــﻨﺎﺳـــﺎﯾﯽ ﻧﻤﻮده و ﺑﺮ ﻣﺒﻨﺎی ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ دﺧﺎﻟﺖ ﻫﺮ ﯾﮏ در ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪ ﺗﺨﺮﯾﺐ) زﻣﯿﻨﻪ، ﺳﺎزوﮐﺎر، ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪ (د ﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻨﺪی ﻧﻤﻮد. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎی ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧ ﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﮐﻪ؛ ﺧﻮدﺑﯿﻨﯽ، ﺗﻌﺼــﺒﺎت ﺷــﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ، ﺟﻨﻮن ﮐﻨﺘﺮل و ﺑﺮﺧﯽ وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﻫﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻄﻮر ﺳــﻨﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎن ﻧﺴــﺒﺖ داده ﻣﯽﺷــﻮﻧﺪ، ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ زﻣﯿﻨﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺨﺮب ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎن را ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ، در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺳـﺎز و ﮐﺎرﻫﺎ، رﻫﺒﺮی ﻣﺴـﺘﺒﺪاﻧﻪ و ﺗﻌﺼـﺒﺎت رﻓﺘﺎری ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوه رﻓﺘﺎر ﻫﺎی ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎن ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﭘﯿﺎﻣﺪ ﻫﺎ، ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﻣﺨﺮب ﮐﺎرآﻓﺮﯾﻨﺎن آﺳﯿﺐ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺟﺪی و ﺟﺒﺮان ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ را ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن و ﻧﯿﺰ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﺳﺎزد.
Despite its nearly 40 years,, the research stream on the bad of entrepreneurship still faces numerous shortcomings and gaps. However, in recent years, the trend of destructive events in the real world of entrepreneurship has led to more attention than ever before. What was called the "dark side of entrepreneurship" decades ago has attracted some significant research to explore the various dimensions of this unbelievable phenomenon. However, little attention has been paid to qualitative research methods and specifically methods. Systematic qualitative methods has caused the concepts proposed in this literature to be scattered ,inefficient,, undeveloped and abstract on the viewpoint the theoretical dimension. Then, conducting research on the basis of thematic analysis provides the possibility of significance of the previous findings of researchers, providing a comprehensive picture of what the phenomenon is. Furthermore,, following this method by considering the mechanism-based composition framework would cause the research findings. In this study, for the first time, 8 thematic domains, 34 thematic groups and 189 first level codes were identified and formed around the topic of "destructive aspect of entrepreneurship". Finally, recommendations of theoretical and practical dimensions were provided to future researchers and policy makers of entrepreneurship.
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