خلاصه ماشینی:
Surprisingly and as Dr. Ajoudani clearly reveals, even some people like Malkom Khan and Mirza Aqakhan Kennani who were among the theoretical pioneers of constitutionalism and rule of law and were famous for being intellectuals, had reached the conclusion that there is no effective way to withstand state despotism unless by forming a government ofreligious leaders.
In addition, he scolds Mirza Aqakhan for supporting Zel• so-Sultan in his effort to take over the In his book, Dr. Ajoudani, takes a logical approach to the theoretical bases of conventional and religious constitutionalistssuch as their concept of law, freedom, nation, Majlis, and government; the concept of government as understood by Shias; similarity between the viewpoints of sophists and Shias about Velayat (religious guardianship of the clergy); pioneersof Velayat Faqih theoryunder the Qajar rule; religious figures supporting and opposing constitutionalism; intellectuals and their lack of transparency out of fear from religious leaders; as well as withdrawal of modernity in the face of tradition.
Javad Tabatabaee The new book written by Dr. Mashaallah Ajoudani is the result of a precious research which has opened a new window to the idea of modernity among Iranians many years after the publication ofFereidoun Adamiyat's written works on Iran's constitutionalism and has shed some light on a numberoflessprobed angles of that movement.
The author presents a detailed review of the thoughts and works of major intellectual figures of the Qajar era such as Mirza Malkom Khan Nazem-od-Dowleh, Fathali Akhundzadeh, and Mirza Aqakhan Kermani and has revealed contradictions in their words and deeds.