چکیده:
ﻣﻮﺿﻮع اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، ﺟﻨﺒﺶ زﻧﺎن اﻳﺮان از اﻧﻘﻼب ﻣﺸﺮوﻃﻪ ﺗﺎ ﻛﻮدﺗـﺎی 82 ﻣـﺮداداﺳﺖ. اﻳﻦ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎر ﻣﻲﻛﻮﺷﺪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ »ﭼﺮا ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫـﺎی زﻧـﺎنﭼﭗﮔﺮا در ﺟﻨﺒﺶ زﻧﺎن اﻳﺮان، در اﻳـﻦ ﺑﺮﻫـﻪی زﻣـﺎﻧﻲ ﺷﻜـﺴﺖ ﺧـﻮرد؟« ﺑـﺮایرﻳﺸﻪﻳﺎﺑﻲ اﻳﻦ رﺧﺪاد، از ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪی ﻛﺎرﻛﺮدﮔﺮاﻳﻲ ﭘﺎرﺳﻮﻧﺰ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻣﺪﻋﺎیاﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ: ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎی ﭼﭗﮔﺮای ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺟﻨـﺒﺶ زﻧـﺎن اﻳـﺮان،ﺑﻪدﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﻳﺮان، دﻧﺒﺎل ﻧﻜﺮدن اﻫﺪاف اوﻟﻴﻪ )ﻛﺴﺐﺣﻘﻮق زﻧﺎن( و ﭘﺎﻳﺪار ﻧﺒﻮدن ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﺧﻮردﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪی ﺑﺮرﺳﻲﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﻛـﻪﮔﺮوهﻫﺎی زﻧﺎن ﭼﭗ ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺟﻨﺒﺶ زﻧﺎن اﻳﺮان، در دورهی ﭘﻬﻠﻮی دوم، ﺑـﻪ ﻋﻠـﺖواﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ اﺣﺰاب ﭼﭗ، ﺑﻪوﻳﮋه ﺣﺰب ﺗﻮده ﺻﺪﻣﺎت ﺑﺴﻴﺎری دﻳﺪﻧـﺪ و ﻣـﺸﻜﻼﺗﻲﻛﻪ ﺳﺘﻮنﻫﺎی ﺣﺰب ﺗﻮده را ﺑﻪ ﻟﺮزه درآورد، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎی زﻧﺎن واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺣﺰبرا ﻫﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﺎر ﻛﺮد و ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎی آﻧﻬﺎ در ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺟﻨﺒﺶ زﻧﺎن اﻳﺮان ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺷﺪ .
The theme of this research is the Iranian Women Movement from Constitutional Revolution to 28th Mordad coup d'état The problem of this research is to find the reasons of failure of left – wing women efforts in the Iranian Women Movement.
To find the roots of this event، the Parsons' Functionalist Theory has been applied.
The claim of this research is: Active left – wing organization in Iranian Women Movement failed to reach their goals because of their inconformity with Iran Social Culture، recede from their primary goals (to gain women rights) and their instability.
The result of this research showed that Left- wing Women activist groups in Iranian Women Movement due to their dependency to the left parties، especially Tudeh party، suffered severe damages.
And the problems that struck the columns of Tudeh Party affected the affiliated Women Organization of the party and led to the failure of their efforts in Iranian Women Movement.
خلاصه ماشینی:
اﻳـﻦ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﺎر، ﺑﺎ اﻳﻦ ﻣﺪﻋﺎ آﻏﺎز ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺳﺎزﻣﺎنﻫﺎی ﭼﭗﮔﺮای ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺟﻨﺒﺶ زﻧﺎن اﻳـﺮان ﺑﻪدﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮓ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﻳﺮان، دﻧﺒﺎل ﻧﻜﺮدن اﻫﺪاف اوﻟﻴﻪ )ﻛﺴﺐ ﺣﻘـﻮق زﻧﺎن(، و ﭘﺎﻳﺪار ﻧﺒﻮدن ﻣﺤﻜﻮم ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ.
461 ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ، ﺷﻤﺎره 7 واﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ زﻧﺎن ﭼﭗﮔﺮای ﺟﻨﺒﺶ زﻧﺎن اﻳﺮان ﺑﻪ اﺣﺰاب ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ ﭼﭗﮔﺮا ﻫﻤﺎنﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﻪ در ﺑﺨﺶ اول اﺷﺎره ﺷﺪ، ﮔﺮوهﻫﺎی ﭼﭗﮔـﺮای ﻓﻌـﺎل در ﺟﻨـﺒﺶ زﻧـﺎن ـﻛـﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﻮد را در دورهی ﻗﺎﺟﺎرﻳﻪ آﻏﺎز ﻛﺮدﻧﺪـ از اﺑﺘﺪا ﺑﻪ اﺣـﺰاب ﺳﻴﺎﺳـﻲ ﭼـﭗ واﺑـﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ.
Women and the political process in twentieth- century Iran, p ﻋﻠﻞ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ زﻧﺎن ﭼﭗﮔﺮای ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺟﻨﺒﺶ زﻧﺎن ....
Women and the political process in twentieth- century Iran, p ﻋﻠﻞ ﺷﻜﺴﺖ زﻧﺎن ﭼﭗﮔﺮای ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺟﻨﺒﺶ زﻧﺎن ....
ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ، ﻧﻪﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﻴﭻﻳﻚ از ﺗﻼشﻫﺎی زﻧﺎن ﭼﭗﮔﺮای ﻓﻌﺎل در ﺟﻨﺒﺶ زﻧﺎن ﺑـﻪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠـﻪ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪ، ﺣﺘﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻞ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﺟﻨـﺒﺶ زﻧـﺎن در اﻳـﻦ دوران ﻟﻄﻤـﻪ زد.
زﻧﺎن واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ اﺣﺰاب ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﺮﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺪﻋﻲ ﻣﺒﺎرزه ﺑﺮای ﻛﺴﺐ ﺣﻘﻮق زﻧﺎن ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ، در ﻋﻤﻞ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ واﺑﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺰب ﻛﻤﻮﻧﻴﺴﺘﻲ ﺗﻮده ﻧﺘﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻨﺪ اﻫﺪاف اوﻟﻴﻪ ﺧﻮﻳﺶ را دﻧﺒﺎل ﻛﻨﻨﺪ و ﺟﻠﻮه ﺷﺎﻳﺴﺘﻪای در ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ اﻳﺮان ﺑﻴﺎﺑﻨﺪ.
Keywords: Historical Research, Documents, Document Analysis Model, Contemporary History of Iran Associate Professor of Political Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (khalilim@um.