چکیده:
This article has attempted to present a clear image of science production by the
member states of the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) based on the
Essential Science Indicators (ESI). ESI indexes the most effective science
productions of the world. The World Bank, on the other hand, has classified the
countries of the world according to their economic position. Using the
information accessible in these two sources, we examined the science production
of each economic class, and then made a comparison between the Islamic and
non-Islamic countries. The economic classes comprise the low-income, the
lower middle-income, the upper middle-income, and the high-income nations.
Our primary objective was to compare and contrast Islamic Countries versus the
other countries of the world to show the status of their current scientific
publications. Four major features characterize the statistical analysis of our
study: population, economic class, citations, and publications in 22 disciplines
and all fields of study as indexed in ESI
خلاصه ماشینی:
com Abstract This article has attempted to present a clear image of science production by the member states of the Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC) based on the Essential Science Indicators (ESI).
Scientific Impact of Nations Figure 1 shows the world share of population, publications and citations of nations based on the economic categorization and affiliation or non-affiliation to OECD.
14' o of world population, 76' o of ESI publications, and 87'fa of ESI citations between 1998 and 2008 belong to high-income OECD countries, namely 27.
Japan, Germany, England, and France are among the other major OECD countries of high-income group, which together with the US constitute 509c of the publications and 61to of citations of the world.
Table 1 shows the share of publications and citations of 147 ESI-indexed countries, their economic group, and membership in OECD and/or OIC.
The share of population and publications of the Islamic and non-Islamic countries, which belong to the same economic class, is compared as indexed in ESI (Figure 3).
Accordingly, 549a of the population and 60' r of ESI publications of low-income class states belongs to OIC countries.
As can be seen in Figure 5, Islamic countries with a share of 18% of the population of lower middle-income group enjoy a relatively notable achievement in such fields as Clinical Medicine, Agricultural Sciences, Engineering, Social Sciences general, Pharmacology and Toxicology.
As for the non-OECD states in this group, the OIC members possess 7 percent of publications in Computer Science, Economics and Business, 6 percent in Engineering, and 5 percent in Clinical Medicine, Chemistry, and Environment/Ecology.