خلاصة:
Background. Rugby union is a team sport with a high amount of physical contact during match play. The physical performance and anthropometric characteristics required, differ based on the playing position.
Objectives. The objective of this systematic review was to relate anthropometric properties with physical performance parameters in Rugbyunion: backs and forwards across different playing levels of Tier 1 nations.
Methods. Two electronic searches were performed in MEDLINE on the PubMed and on BISp (German Federal Sports Science Institute) databases from August 2016 to July 2017. All experimental study types in English and German were assessed for eligibility. Inclusion criteria were 15-a-side senior male backs and forwards, with anthropometric and/or physical performance data.
Results. In n = 7 studies out of 12 selected, the elite forwards were significantly taller than the elite backs (p < 0.05). This accounted not for lower playing levels. Across all levels the forwards were significantly heavier than the backs. Significantly lower body fat percentages for the backs demonstrated n = 5 out of 6 studies. Consequently, backs were more ectomorphic than forwards. Backs reached significantly lower sprint velocities over short distances and higher ones over longer distances (10 to 40 m).
Conclusion. Anthropometric parameters adapt to physical performance requested. In strength and endurance test situations heavier players may be underestimated postulating careful interpretation of those results to avoid misleading conclusion.
ملخص الجهاز:
Theobjective of this systematic review was to relate anthropometric properties with physical performance parameters inRugby union backs and forwards across different playing levels of Tier 1 nations.
Anthropometric Properties versus Physical Performance inRugby Union Forwards and Backs - A Systematic Review1Rahel Stoop*, 1,2,3Erich Hohenauer, 4Alfred ML Rucker, 1,2,3Ron Clijsen1Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, University of AppliedSciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Landquart, Switzerland.
Therefore, the aim of this review was todescribe and evaluate the anthropometric andmatch relevant physical performance outcomesbetween senior back and forward players of elite(professionals, national team and first divisionplayers), sub-elite (semi-professionals, seconddivision, college players) and amateur level (nonprofessionals, non-licensed) of Tier 1 nationsaccording to World Rugby.
Clinical trials in English and German wereincluded and used as sources of primary literatureto describe and evaluate the anthropometric andmatch relevant physical performance outcomesbetween senior (≥ 18 years old) male back andforward 15-a-side Rugby union players of elite,sub-elite and amateur level of Tier 1 nations (NewZealand, South Africa, England, Australia,France, Ireland, Wales, Argentina, Scotland,Italy).
The studies showed a wideheterogeneity for the outcome parameters,precluding a general analysis:1) body fat composition was reported as totalbody fat (%) (16, 18-23), lean body mass (kg)and total body fat mass (kg) (18)2) running performance comprises locomotiveparameters during matches (3, 24-26), agilityassessments including the T-Test (s) (27),Illinois Agility-Test (s) (27) and the AgilityRun-Test (s) (28), endurance assessments asthe Intermittent Progressive Running Test(IPRT) (m/s) to assess the maximal aerobicvelocity (21), the 20 m-Multistage Fitness Test(20 m-MFT) (level) (27,28), the 30-15journal.