Abstract:
ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ: در ﺳﺎلﻫﺎی اﺧﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ اﺳﺘﺮسزا و ﻣﺤﯿﻂﻫﺎی ﻧﺎﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ رو ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﺳﺖ. ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت ﭘﯿﺸﯿﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ ﺗﺎبآوری و ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺣﻤﺎﯾﺘﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﺪف از ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ از ﻃﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﺎبآوری و ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ اﺳﺖ. روش: ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر 414 (213 ﭘﺴﺮ و 191 دﺧﺘﺮ) داﻧﺸﺠﻮی ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﺑﺎ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﯽ 21/4 و اﻧﺤﺮاف اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد 2/2 ﺳﺎل ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﺧﻮﺷﻪای ﭼﻨﺪﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪای اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. آﻧﺎن ﺑﻪ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻘﯿﺎسﻫﺎی ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ رﯾﻒ، ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺗﺎبآوری ﮐﺎﻧﺮـ دﯾﻮﯾﺪﺳﻮن و ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﺎرور و ﺷﯽﯾﺮ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ دادﻧﺪ. ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ: ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن دادﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎبآوری 27 درﺻﺪ ﺗﻮان ﭘﯿﺶﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ را دارد. در ﻫﯿﭻ ﯾﮏ از ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﺟﻨﺲ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪﮔﯿﺮی: ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ روانﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻣﺘﺄﺛﺮ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺷﺨﺼﯿﺘﯽ از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺗﺎبآوری اﺳﺖ و ﺧﻮشﺑﯿﻨﯽ ﻓﺮد ﺻﺮفﻧﻈﺮ از ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺎبآوری او ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪودی زﻣﯿﻨﻪای ﺑﺮای ﺑﻬﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.
Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to predict appropriate social skills, peer پrelationships, and behavioral-emotional engagement in terms of personality traits among middle-school students. Method: 354 middle school students which were selected using multi-stage random cluster sampling method, completed the Goldberg Personality Questionnaire, two subscales of Matson's social skills Questionnaire and Wellborn behavioral–emotional engagement Questionnaire in their regular classrooms. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. Results: The findings showed that only the personality trait of agreeableness was a positive significant predictor of appropriate social skills. Emotional constancy, conscientiousness, extraversion dimensions were able to predict relationship with peers in a positive and significant manner. Moreover, conscientiousness and agreement dimensions were positive and significant predictors of students’ behavioral engagement in academic tasks. Meanwhile, these personality components together with emotional constancy predicted emotional engagement in a positive and significant manner. Conclusion: As results indicated, student’s personality can be considered as an influential factor in prediction of their social skills, peer relationship, behavioral-emotional engagement in academic tasks.