Abstract:
Geopolitics as a multidisciplinary view has been defined most succinctly as the relation of international political power to geographical setting, This definition has three principle conceptual components, the international system of states, political power and geography each of which has a significant relation to technology , this notion is initially based on the study of effects of geography on politics especially in an international scale, witnessed a post structural orientation with the idea –called critical geopolitics- that nation-states are not the only legitimate units of geopolitical analysis. But new technologies with their capabilities provided for states in shaping and reshaping the geographical environment and changing it into a dominant discourse, reveal as a pro classical geopolitics challenging the critical approach in this regard.
Machine summary:
"Geopolitics traditionally studies the links between political power and geographic space, and examines strategic prescriptions based on the relative importance of land power and sea power in world history.
" Along with political geography more generally, critical geopolitics argues that spatiality is not confined to territoriality, either historically or today (Murphy 1996).
In terms of the state, the key questions to address are not about the "real" sources, meanings or limits of state sovereignty in some general or universal sense, but, more specifically, about how state power is discursively and practically produced in territorial and no territorial forms (Kuus and Agnew 2008; Painter 2008).
Geopolitics; from Governmentalization of a Concept to a Critical Approach Geography of the world – as Gearoid Tuathail (1996:1) indicates- is not a product of nature but a product of histories of struggles between competing authorities over the power to recognize, occupy and administer space.
New technologies in the process of changing, forming and reforming the geographical environment changes into means in hands of intellectuals of statecrafts to allocate the ideas of the"robo-leviathan" of state about the new shaped places- especially if strategic- and reforming the people’s notion of politics; what is seen in the definition of critical geopolitics.
This is in line with what some writers (Cigar, 1995 and Sibley, 1995) have claimed that the attempts by states in our contemporary world to violently engineer space (social, cognitive and aesthetic, all of which are entwined with the territorial0 TO FIT Their nationalist, exclusionary and racist visions of the perfect order in unfortunately still part of global politics."