Abstract:
Today, providing security is one of the important security issues in the field of international relations. Thus, presence of security organizations and being in the structure of these organizations is so important. NATO is a security-political organization that has been formed in order to provide security for West Basin countries against threats of the Soviet side after the Second World War. NATO's creation in 1949 was due to the transformation of the structure of the international system from multipolar to bipolar system. September 11 as a turning point in transatlantic relations, caused NATO's presence in areas outside its traditional territory after the Cold War. The alterations in fields of activities of this organization, and the definition of the Middle East as a center of instability in later years, and emerging of new threats which mainly results from the region, Constitute the majority of Islamic countries based on the analysis of this organization, Has concluded NATO policy makers to define a kind of interaction and specific mechanisms for their presence in the region, and that they have to control the management of the environment security in the Middle East, Mediterranean and Persian Gulf.Wahhabism as a branch of salafism relies on the surface viewpoint to the universe and polemical and superficial approach toward wisdom. Advocates of surface interpretation along with historical developments in the Islamic gradually became against rationality. Finally, combination of these ideas with an instrumental and practical view toward political power caused the emergence of Wahhabism. Wahhabism in historical developments, including facing with the West civilization transformed further and to fight any rival who accepted the centrality of religious governance or rationality, used more pragmatic and instrumental approach. This issue puts Neo-Wahhabism ideology beside West’s dominant thought which interprets rationality and universe superficially and interpret the universe, and increases grounds of its secularity and empowering through alliance with the West against spiritual or rational attitudes. In fact, three main branches of Neo-Wahhabism are a single discourse extension which by expediential passing from its religious dogmas to deal with rivals including shias, Iran, democratic systems and etc. However, in deeper level, it is an extension of secularization process of the world.The present paper examines logic of China's act in recent developments in the Middle East. From The author's view, China's economic and geopolitical interests in the Middle East, has been formed this country's behavior towards the Arab Spring. The most important aspect of China's geopolitical interests is to prevent the regional order in the Middle East from being hegemonic and the most important aspect of economic interests is to provide energy security. China has adopted a neutral stance, in the crisis of Tunisia, Egypt, Bahrain and Yemen based on these interests, and has been associated with the international community in Libya crisis, and it has played a role In contrast with the West and the Arab League in Syria crisis. China's behavior toward the Arab Spring has been Gradual move from the margins to the text of the crisis, and has become a key player in the recent crisis of Arab spring.Resignation of Ali Saleh, the Yemeni president According to the Initiative of the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council, has created questions about the success or failure of the Yemen's Popular Uprising. Did the popular uprising in Yemen, achieve its goals with signing the agreement of Riyadh in November 2011? Did this uprising have the potential to obtain the achievements prior to this agreement? In order to answer this question the context and evolutions that led to the signing of the agreement are considered in analytical method. On this basis, the data is provided to explain the reality of the maximum goals of Yemen Uprising. Finally, regarding the data and analysis presented and also Yemen's internal crisis and the role of external actors, Innovation of the Cooperation Council in the current conditions is the Maximum achievement of the Yemen's uprising without involving in the civil war.This article examines challenges ahead of the parties and Islamist groups who are winner in Arab countries like Tunisia and Egypt, and examines their difficulties in formation of new states. Movements and the Islamic movement, took large advantage from the collapse of authoritarian regimes in the Arab world, and went out from complete isolation. Victory of Islamists in Arab countries election, has Changed balance of power and political arrangements in the Middle East and North Africa. America and the Zionist regime and some Arab countries like Saudi Arabia, are worried about the loss of political structures, and try to impact on existing trends, and manage and control the developments in the region. Assumption of article is based on being serious of Islamic groups, in order to win on the problems, and create a nation state based on public demands. Of course it should be regarded that problems of Islamists in each Arab countries, is on the special situation of that country, but there are undeniable similarities between the events of the fall of dictatorship and the challenges of alternative governments. Islamists challenges is mainly due to "internal weakness", "public expectations" for fundamental changes, "competition of various parties", "Remaining structures and institutions of the past regime" and "intervention of international and regional actors".War has been entered to a strategic stalemate in Afghanistan. USA and NATO, despite the superior weapons technology and financial resources, were not able to defeat the Taliban. The Taliban also is not in a position to be hoped that could defeat the United States and NATO armies and be victorious over Kabul And establish its Islamic rules in the short term. In such a situation it appears that the America have gradually abandoned the armed struggle with the Taliban and entered the diplomatic process. Agreement on opening Taliban political office in Doha of Qatar and negotiations with the Taliban is part of this process. With regard to talking about Transferring of geography to Taliban and sharing them in power, There is a concern in Kabul that Afghanistan places in the ethnic breakdown way. Meanwhile, the United States in dealing with Taliban expects to have their agreement on achieving the permanent military bases. Thus, Afghanistan will be in a more difficult position, Thus, Afghanistan will be in a more complicated situation and in addition to the risk of separation, will face with the risk of continuing foreign occupation. Taliban and Afghanistan's future is raised in such a complex equation.After the withdrawal of American troops from Iraq at the end of 2011 it has entered to a new stage of post-Saddam era. What is emphasized in this article is that in the new conditions, despite the optimistic and pessimistic views, Iraq Will face different challenges. These challenges are related to the different spheres of political, military - security, socio - economic and foreign relations and In this regard structural political challenges create the main challenges. Therefore, the main focus of this article is to examine the difference in the nature of state and the problems and complexities of the existent federal-democratic system.