Abstract:
Socially, the word "elite" is broadly used to refer to a superior group of people regarding skills or privileges and associates with other terms such as political systems, "authorities", "minority favorite". Elites are cautious and opportunistic people. They are in every way and situation regarded as people's favorites. Focusing on concept of “elite” and “elitism”, the author in this paper, attempts to study Gaetano Mosca’s elite theory and ideas of other thinkers both advocating and opposing the idea. Exploring the impact of this theory on political science realm and comparing it to other theories in the same area and fairly criticizing them, the author comes to the conclusion that “elitism” generally believes every society and/or organization ends up in oligarchy. That is, a powerful elite minority will eventually take over and also the emersion of a ruling class is an exclusive attribute of every political organization and society.
Machine summary:
"Elitism in Gaetano Mosca’s Treatment Garineh Keshishyan Reza vahabi, PhD Student Abstract Socially, the word "elite" is broadly used to refer to a superior group of people regarding skills or privileges and associates with other terms such as political systems, "authorities", "minority favorite".
Exploring the impact of this theory on political science realm and comparing it to other theories in the same area and fairly criticizing them, the author comes to the conclusion that "elitism" generally believes every society and/or organization ends up in oligarchy.
2- Disproof of Marx’s theory on social classes:continuous circulation of the elites prohibiting the shaping of a permanent and closed ruling class in most societies, mainly new industrial ones, rejects theMarxian concept of class, demonstrating it is impossible to attain a classless society due to the fact that a minority necessarily governs (Thomas Bottomore, 2002.
The theory of elite suggests two pessimistic climates towards human after Word War 1st, rooted in the followings: a) Pessimism about principles of modernity Trusting and believing in human reason and interpreting their life based on evolutionism and development, are one of axioms of all the thinkers ever since Renaissance as a result of the scientific,industrial, economic, and cultural developments.
In Mosca’s treatment, the major difference between political systems are mainly dependent on atwo-class organization within the elites; those on the top of the power and a large group are not a part of the ruling class; yet they have remarkable power and sources."