Abstract:
The present study deals with imperative mood in Persian language based on prototype
theory which is one of sub-theories of the cognitive linguistics approach. The research
hypotheses are based on distinctions between the form and meaning components in the
imperative mood and its distribution in the language corpus of contemporary literature.
The aim of this paper is to describe and classify the criterion of the imperative mood in
different language levels and beyond.
According to the cognitive linguistics approach, language is part of a cognitive system and
the syntactic structure of a language can't be studied separately, but all influential factors
should be considered from different lingual aspects. The data analysis was carried out
through descriptive and qualitative methods. It was found that the base of the verb has a
high frequency in the corpus, but the form and meaning are different, with the meaning of
imperative mood depending on the context. As a result, all language layers, forms and
meanings in description and classification of the imperative mood should be taken into
account to be analyzed cognitively.
Machine summary:
"This study focuses on the distinction between form and meaning of imperative mood in the Persian language based on prototype theory which is one of the sub- theories of cognitive linguistics.
According to many grammatical views, the prototype theory, and the aforementioned analysis, the language forms and concepts of commands, order and requests are the best and the most prominent and typical members of imperative mood in the Persian language.
Based on the text samples and percentage presented in Table 1, the categories of command, request and inviting considered as the prototype of imperative mood have the highest rank, whereas the categories of greeting, saying prayers, expression rudeness and will letter having the lowest rank.
Different Categories of Imperative Mood in this Language Corpus (رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) (رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) Results Based on the data, some of the findings are, to some extent, predictable and show that in the Persian language like many other languages, auxiliary verbs, semi-modal verbs, lexical verbs, nouns, adjective, adverbs, and condition represent an imperative mood.
The results suggest that a large number of imperative moods are commonly used in the form-meaning relationship of command, order and request as presented in Table1 and confirm the significance of the prototype theory in making classification.
(رجوع شود به تصویر صفحه) Diagram1 Classification of Imperative Mood in Contemporary Story Literature Commands and prohibitions (34%) in different language forms have the highest rank, which include positive and negative commands."