Abstract:
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is the numberone killer of adults in the Iran. Fibrinogen is
CAD risk factor that participation in both the atherogenic and thrombogenic processes. Also
playing a role in thrombosis and atherogenesis is Homocysteine, as a risk factor for CAD.
Long-term exercise training and physical activity favorably modified several of the
conventional CAD risk factors. No such association has been consistently shown
between regular physical activity and exercise training with fibrinogen and homocysteine
concentrations and the effects of physical activity and exercises training on fibrinogen
and homocysteine were not clear. This studyaimed to clarify whether long-term aerobic
exercise training and physical activity reducedfibrinogen and homocysteine levels in men.
This cross-sectional study involved 45voluntary participants that divided into three
groups of 15 each, as follows: active,sedentary, and CAD group. Fasting whole
blood samples were collected from the leftantecubital vein after 9–12 hours of fasting.
The serum concentrations of fibrinogen weremeasured using the chronometric method.
Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay(ELISA) was used to measure the serum
concentrations of homocysteine by Biomerio fully automated analyzer. Between-group
comparisons of estimated VO2max,homocysteine, and fibrinogen were performed
using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)and the LSD Post Hoc test. Significant levels
for all tests were set at p 0.05. No significantbetween-group differences were found in the
serum concentrations of homocysteine [F (2,42) = 0.107, p = 0.898] and the serum
concentrations of fibrinogen [F (2, 42) =0.468, p = 0.630]. Significant differences of
estimated VO2max were found between activeand sedentary groups (p 0.001), and active
and CAD groups (p 0.001). The resultsindicated that exercise training and physical
activity does not have any desirable effects onthe serum levels of homocysteine and
fibrinogen. Hence, more studies are needed toclarify the effects of physical activity and
exercise training on homocysteine andfibrinogen levels. More studies are required to
clarify the optimal intensity, duration, and typeof exercise to favorably modify these risk
factors of CAD.
Machine summary:
"Long-term exercise training and physical activity favorably modified several of the conventional CAD risk factors including blood lipids, obesity, blood pressure, and glucose intolerance, however, the magnitude of change in each of these factors by themselves is moderate (American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, 2004; Dishman et al, 2004; Le Mura et al, 2004; Nieman, 2003).
Others studies found an inverse correlation between mean Hcy concentrations and the amount of exercises and physical activity rating (Kassam et al, 2001; Foody et al, 2002; Ernest et al, 2003; Walus et al, 2003; Dimitrios et al, 2003; Antonopoulos et al, 2003; Tamvakos et al, 2003; Hayden et al, 2004; Tello-Montoliu et al, 2006; Jae et al, 2008).
This study aimed to clarify whether long-term aerobic exercise training and physical activity reduced Hcy and Fib levels, which are the conventional risk factors for CAD, in men.
These results and those reported by Franke et al (1997), Monica (1997), Nygard et al (1995), Nissen et al (2002), Mc Kenzie (2003), and Sloma et al (2003) suggest that regular physical activity and exercise training does not reduce the serum levels of these risk factors.
The results of this study indicated that exercise training and physical activity does not have any desirable effects on the serum levels of Hcy and Fib. In this study, factors such as gender, age, body mass index, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes were controlled by questionnaire."