Abstract:
The article deals with the description of the conceptual and linguistic nature, the modus character and the field structure of the linguistic category of the approximation. It also deals with the analysis of the role of the inherent and adherent approximators as well as the context in the realization of the invariant meaning of the approximation in the German language. Pragmatic potential of the nominations expressing versions of the values of the approximation is revealed in the analysis of the phenomena under study.
Machine summary:
The focus of many researchers are linguistic limiters - hedges, which the author uses to indicate the fuzzy designation of the concept, to express uncertainty about the reliability of the reported, mitigate the categorical subjective opinion (Konig, 1991; Markkanen, Schroder, 1997; Graefen, 2000).
In the study of approximation as a semantic universal and a special way of nominating elements of the reflected reality in the works of domestic linguists, the focus of attention of scientists there is a multidimensionality of this category and specificity of means of its expression in different languages (Sahno, 1983; Pristinskaya, 1998; Nikishenkova, 2000; Dubovickaya, 2006; Ionova, 2006; Archakova, 2008; Adamovich, 2009; Villalobos, 2018; Niranjan, 2016).
It is important to note that the linguistic category of approximation has a functional semantic nature: the results of studies conducted on the material of the languages of different groups show that the concept of approximation can be expressed by means of units of different levels of the language: morphological, lexical, lexical and grammatical, syntactic.
At the level of speech, even in the minimal syntactic unit - the combination of an adherent approximator with a significant word, the language values of lexical units, and a new meaning is formed - the 'approximation' of the evaluation of the naming subject (quantity, quality, qualitative determinateness of the subject concept), therefore nominations with semantics of approximation in most cases have an analytical character.