Abstract:
شعر اعتراض، نشان پویایی اندیشة جامعه است و شاعر با دیدن ناهنجاری‌ها، اصلاح‌گرانه لب به اعتراض می‌گشاید. او برای به تصویر کشیدن اندیشه و احساس خود از تخییل و تصویر بهره می‌جوید. تصویر اساس شعر است و بررسی تصویرپردازی‌ها و کارکردهای آن، مقدمة شناخت اندیشة شاعر است. قیصر امین پور شاعر انقلابی و آرمان‌گرا، از آن‌دسته هنرمندانی است که از تمامی ظرفیت‌های بلاغی برای تعالی‌بخشی به اندیشه های اعتراضی خود بهره جسته است. برای شناخت اندیشه های امین‌پور، بررسی جنبه های گوناگون اشعار او ضروری است و یکی از اساسی‌ترین رویکردها در مسیر نقد اندیشة وی، تحلیل تصاویر اشعار اعتراضی اوست. در این مقاله با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و با رویکرد کمّی، تعدادی از اشعار اعتراضی قیصر از مجموعه کامل اشعار وی به شیوة نقد بلاغی و با تمرکز بر تحلیل «تصاویر در اشعار اعتراضی شاعر»، بررسی و مشخص شد که عناصر نماد، کنایه، تشبیه، تشخیص، استعاره و مجاز به‌ترتیب پرکاربردترین شگردهای بیانی قیصر در مسیر ابلاغ پیام اعتراضی شعرهای او هستند.
The poem of protest is a sign of the intellectual dynamism of the society, during which, the poet, seeing the social anomalies, begins to protest as a reformist action. He uses imagination and imagery to portray his thoughts and feelings. Image is the basis of poetry, and the revolutionary and idealistic poet Qaisar Aminpour has used all the rhetorical capacities to elevate his protest ideas. One of the most basic approaches in recognizing and criticizing Aminpour's ideas is to analyze the images of his protest poems. In this research, with a descriptive-analytical method and quantitative approach, 61 poems of Qaisar's protest poems from the complete collection of his poems in rhetorical critique style as one of the practical branches of "reader-centered critique" and focusing on the analysis of "images in poems" were selected. The poet's protest was examined, and in the end, it was determined that the elements of symbolism, irony, simile, discernment, metaphor, and authorization are the most widely used expressions of Qaisar's expression to convey the protest message of his poems. Protest poetry, as a branch of resistance literature, according to its type of expression and content, requires the use of rhetorical elements that are both explicit and transparent and interpretable to carry the poet's thoughts. While loyal to the revolution, Aminpour has made good use of language capacities and elements of expression to express his protest ideas. The imaginary forms of Qaisar's protest poems reflect the kind of attitude and interpreter of his mind. Excessive use of images such as symbols, allusions, similes, diagnoses, metaphors, and permissions adds to his semantic range and poetic interpretability: Symbol: In his protest poems, Qaisar used the symbol the most among the rhetorical elements, and the symbols of his protest poems fall into two categories: traditional symbols and personal symbols. This rhetorical element has a high frequency in the poet's protest poems, so that this element, with a frequency of 212 times and with 24.85%, is in the first place of the poet's widely used elements. Allusion: the allusion is in second place in Aminpour's protest poems with a frequency of 193 times and 22.63%. The allusions of Qaisar's protest poems are threefold: traditional and repetitive allusions, new and personal allusions, and allusions that are proverbial. Simile: In the study of the image of Qaisar's protest poems, simile with a frequency of 141 times and 16.53% has the third rank and this shows the importance of the role of simile in depicting the poet's thoughts. The Similes that the poet used to represent his ideas are more of a felicity and sensory Similes. One of the eminent tricks of the emperor in expressing concepts is his innovation in Simile: mentioning a new pseudo-face by creating a new simile; mentioning attributes for one of the elements of simile; without any sign; continuous New simile. Detection: Detection allows the artist to use the language of objects and other beings allegorically, in addition to encrypting the speech, to increase its beauty and make a greater impact. In Qaisar's protest poems, the detection element ranks fourth with a frequency of 123 times and 14.42 percent. The poet has used this important rhetorical element in various forms: dhikr adjective; additional compound; dhikr masdar (active state); dhikr masdar (passive state); And its elements (a detailed and extensive aspect of the type of diagnosis). Metaphor: Metaphor is one of the most important and main elements of imagination, which has an effective role in measuring the level of artistry and the poet's ability. In his studied protest poems, metaphor is used with 109 times and is ranked fifth with 12.78 percent. The constituent elements of Caesar's metaphorical protest poems are objects, nature, animals, humans, and abstractions, respectively. Types of Caesar's Poetic Protestant Metaphors: Perpetual Metaphors; Makniye's Metaphors and Metaphors Approaching Symbols Authorized use: The purpose of authorized use is to create an aura of various meanings in the mind of the reader, and with the definition provided by Dr. Shamisa of authorized, only authorized to be interested in artistic and literary similes and can be proposed in the science of expression. In his protest poems, Qaisar Aminpour has repeatedly used the authoritative imaginative element. Permitted using 75 times and with 8.79%, it is ranked sixth among the most widely used images and arrays. Here, what is meant by what is permissible is what is permissible. "The Complete Collection of Qaisar Aminpour's Poems" includes seven books and 345 poems, 61 of which have a philosophical, political, social, and personal color and smell of protest, and according to the study, comparison and analysis of protest poems. The poet's non-objectivity in terms of the use of poetic images in expressing his thoughts, there is a clear difference between the images used in these two types of poetry. (In total, he has used six rhetorical elements 853 times). The results of this study show that the type of speech and the appropriate expression method play an effective role in how to use poetic images so that in Qaisar's protest poems, the most widely used images are: symbol, irony, simile, diagnosis, metaphor and permission And in his non-objectionable poems, it is: recognition, simile, irony, symbol, metaphor, and permission, respectively, and the poet, with the necessary knowledge of the function of literary tricks and establishing the necessary connection between it and the type of speech, from all kinds of appropriate and appropriate images. It has benefited, where speech needs some kind of ambiguity, from symbolism and irony, and where it needs explicit and explicit language.
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