Machine summary:
Islam and the Fate of Others: The Salvation Question Mohammad Hassan Khalil New York: Oxford University Press, 2012.
Each section gives attention to voices beyond these four thinkers, as well, and in the final chapter Khalil offers an especially rich discussion of modern thinkers from across the globe who have written on so- teriology in Islam.
Khalil perceptively notes that the field of translation can be a “theological battleground” and cites examples from Eng- lish translations of the Qur’an, making sure that even readers unfamiliar with Arabic will appreciate the significance of his study.
Another related and forthcoming volume edited by Khalil, Between Heaven and Hell: Islam, Salvation, and the Fate of Others (Oxford Univer- sity Press), promises to add to the discussion he began in his monograph.
The first chapter in Islam and the Fate of Others, “Damnation as Excep- tion,” focuses on the Khurasani metaphysician al-Ghazali but also treats the much later Indian scholar Shah Wali Allah (d.
And although when discussing Ibn al-‘Arabi Khalil cites Chittick extensively, he does not mention Sands’ monograph on Sufi Qur’an commentaries, which treats not only the approaches of Ibn al-‘Arabi, but also of al-Ghazali and Ibn Taymiyya.
For example, in multi-volume works like Ibn Taymiyya’s Majmū‘ al-Fatāwā and al-Ghazali’s Iḥyā’ ‘Ulūm al-Dīn, how can the reader be sure that Khalil found the most salient sections dealing with soteriology of non-Muslims?
In Khalil’s discussions of modern thinkers, he includes the Pakistani reformer Fazlur Rahman and cites his Major Themes of the Qur’an, but not his 1990 article “The People of the Book and the Diversity of Religions.